Porosity+and+Permeability+Lab+Worksheet

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Liberty University *

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9994

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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Uploaded by ChefRiverEel28

1 POROSITY & PERMEABILITY LAB Name: Date: Objective To learn how to calculate porosity To understand the porosity of different types of soil Materials • Pete’s Lab (click link) • Interactive that is in the lab. • Calculator Procedure 1. Read through all instructions. 2. Complete the Purpose section of the lab worksheet. 3. Follow instructions for Part I . Complete the data table , and answer the questions for Part I . 4. Follow instructions for Part II . Complete the data table , and answer the questions for Part II . 5. Save your work , and submit the completed lab worksheet. Purpose (5 pts) Describe, in your own words, in 1-2 sentences your understanding of what the purpose of this lab is? What questions are you attempting to answer? PART I Part I Instructions 1. Watch Pete’s Lab. (the link is in the Materials section and in lesson.) 2. Complete the Part I Data Table as you watch the video. 3. Answer the Part I Questions . Part I Data (25 pts) In the video, the professor mentions a worksheet that you are supposed to print out. However, you don’t need the worksheet from the video, as the table below contains the necessary data. Use the information provided below for your calculations. (2.5 pts per blank = 25 pts)

2 Objects to be measured Measurement or Calculation – make sure to add the units either g or mL or g/mL 1 Weight of beaker and particles 2 Weight of beaker alone 173.1 g 3 Weight of particles (#1 - #2 =?) 4 Bulk Volume (Particles + Pore Space = ?) 5 Initial volume of water in the graduated cylinder 6 Final volume of water with particles added 7 Volume of particles (#6 - #5 = ?) 8 Volume of pore space (#4 - #7 = ?) 9 Percent of bulk volume that is open space (#8/#4 = ?) 10 Bulk Density = Mass / Bulk Volume (#3/#4 = ) 11 Density of particles = Mass/Volume (#3/#7= ?) Make sure to have the correct units in the answer. Questions 1. Write the definition of these words that were covered in the video. Porosity, Regolith, Permeability. (5 pts) 2. Pete used “sediments” that were all the same shape and size in this demonstration. How would varying the size of the “sediments” affect the porosity (assuming the total volume of “sediment” remains the same)? (5 pts) Write in complete sentences using good grammar.

3 3. If Pete used angular “sediments” would that increase or decrease the porosity? Explain why in 1 - 2 complete sentences with good grammar? (5 pts) PART II Part II Overview In the lesson you have already used the video in part I now you will be using the interactive that is in the lesson after the image that is labeled “Permeability of Soil Type” for Part II. The Part II instructions apply to the interactive in the lesson and the table that is below the instructions labeled Part II Data. Part II Instructions 1. You will click the + and – symbols in the interactive to change the volumes for sand, silt, and clay until you have a total of 100 mL. There are starting volume numbers for you to enter from the data table below to help you determine the ratio for each soil type; some of the soil types have two numbers in data table. 2. Once you have entered a correct ratio of soil mixture, a soil type listed on the data table will appear below. Write down the volumes into the data table below for that soil type. 3. Press “Test this Soil”. You will see a video of the porosity being tested for that soil type. At the end of the video you will then go to see how much water was left in the beaker. 4. Once the image of the beaker is up, try to read how much water was left and then check your estimate with the button next to the image of the water. Be sure to write the number down that the button shows on the data table below. 5. You will then need to calculate the water in the soil. Remember that each sample began with 100 mL of water. You will need to subtract the volume in the beaker from the starting volume of water, what is left is the water in the soil. Write down your result in the data table. 6. Once all information has been recorded for the different soil types the last column, Porosity, needs to be calculated. The porosity will be calculated using the following formula: Volume water held in soil Porosity (%) = × 100 Volume total sediment NOTE: Answers may be rounded to the nearest 1%. 7. Answer the questions for Part II .

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4 Part II Data (35 pts) NOTE: Answers may be rounded to the nearest 1%. (1 pt per blank for the table = 35 pts) Soil Type Sand (mL) Silt (mL) Clay (mL) Water left in beaker (mL) Water in soil (mL) Porosity (%) Use formula from above Loam 40 Sandy Clay Loam 70 Sandy Clay 60 Silty Clay Loam 0 60 Clay Loam 20 50 Silty Clay 0 60 Clay 20 60 Heavy Clay 0 20

5 Part II Questions Answer the following questions in 1-2 complete sentences with good grammar. 1. Which soil type was the most porous? Why? (3 pts) 2. Which soil type was the least porous? Why? (3 pts) 3. Do high percentages of sand particles contribute to high porosity or low porosity soil? (4 pts) 4. It has been said the loam which includes a mixture of sand, silt, and clay sediments is the best soil type for growing plants. Based on what you have learned about porosity, permeability, and capillary action, why would loam be an ideal soil for growing plants? State your answer in 2-3 complete sentences. (You may conduct outside research to answer this question, but be sure to include the source of your information if you do research this topic.) (10 pts)