Lab 9_Chapter 5 Molecule Shapes Lab Simulation

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San Jacinto Community College *

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1305

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lab Simulation: Molecule Shapes Lab Simulation Directions: Go to the link here https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/molecule-shapes/latest/molecule- shapes_en.html You will complete a full lab report as done for CHEM 1411 in your manual. You will include your objective, materials and equipment, procedure, safety, data, observations and analysis. Molecular Shapes Lab: 1) Click on “Real Molecules” and go to the page: 2) Make sure that “Real” is selected, and Molecule Geometry, Electron Geometry, Show Lone Pairs and Show Bond Angles are all checked.. 3) Fill in the data table for the molecules listed below in the website. To assist you an example has been done below. Do not do the other molecules on the sheet Molecular Shapes and Characteristics Molecule Electron Groups Bonding Groups Lone Pair Groups Electron Geometry Molecular Geometry Bond Angle(s) Polar (yes/no) CH 3 Cl 4 4 0 Tetrahedral Tetrahedral 109.5 o yes H 2 O 2 3 2 Tetrahedral bent 104.5 yes CO 2 2 3 0 linear linear 180 no SO 2 2 3 1 Trigonal planar bent 119 yes BF 3 2 4 0 Trigonal planar Trigonal planar 120 no NH 3 4 3 1 Tetrahedral Trigonal pyramidal 107 yes CH 4 4 4 0 Tetrahedral Tetrahedral 109.5 no Be sure to include any specific observations for your molecules after your data table.
Analysis: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1) In molecules with the same number of electron groups but different molecular geometries, discuss what happens to the bond angle? the bond angle will vary . 2) What happens to the bond angle as you increase the number of bonding groups? a smaller bond angle . 3) What is the difference between tetrahedral bent and trigonal planar bent? if a molecule has 3 bonds and 0 lone pairs, it is trigonal planar. If a molecule has 3 bonds and 1 lone pair, it is bent or angular. If a molecule has 4 bonds and 0 lone pairs, it is tetrahedral . 4) What is the difference between CO 2 and SO 2 ? The difference between H 2 O, NH 3 and CH 4 ? 5) How is trigonal pyramidal different from trigonal planar? For trigonal pyramidal, there is a lone pair at the central atom and the bond angle is at around 107, while for trigonal planar, there is no lone pair electrons at the central atom and the bond angle is around 120. 6) Imagine that this lab was done with real models instead of computer simulations. Discuss 3 sources of uncertainty for the experiment.
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