Engineering a Better Airbag Lab Report.docx

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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Engineering a Better Airbag Carlie Vogel Date 2-15-24 Data Data Table 1: Model Air Bag Activity Data and Calculations Volume of 6 × 9 inch bag 1.20 L Room temperature 295 k Room pressure (in atm) 1.01 atm Moles of CO 2 required to inflate bag at room temperature and pressure 0.0503 Balanced equation for the reaction of NaHCO3+ CH33OOH +

2 NaHCO 3 and CH 3 COOH H2O+CO2+CH3 COONa Mass of NaHCO 3 needed for the reaction (84.0 g/mol) 4.2255 g Volume of vinegar required (0.833 M acetic acid) 16.5607 ml Data Table 2: Model Air Bag Trial # NaHCO 3 (grams) Vinegar (mL) Observations 1 4.13 g 16.56 mL Bubbling and fizzing for about 2 ish minutes and bag filled with air 2 4.46 g 21.56 mL There was more fizzing and bubbling for a longer amount of time while the bag filled with air 3 4.61 g 32 mL There was a lot more fizzing and bubbling for about 5 mins. The bag filled quicker and feels like it could pop open Data Table 3: 80-L Driver-Side Air Bag Activity Calculations Moles of CO 2 required to inflate 80-L driver-side air bag at room temperature and pressure (.998 atm* 80L) / ( 295.372kelvins* 0.0821L*atm/mol*k) = 79.84/24.2500412 = 3.29236554 moles Balanced equation for the reaction of NaHCO 3 and CH 3 COOH NaHCO3(S) + CH3OOH(aq) = CH2COONa(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) + CH2COONa(aq) Grams of NaHCO 3 needed for the reaction 84.0g *3.3mol CO2 = 277.2 g mL of CH 3 COOH (0.833 M) needed for the reaction 6.6 mol/0.833m*1000= 7923.17 mL Data Table 4: 160-L Front Passenger-Side Air Bag Activity Calculations © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company

3 Moles of CO 2 required to inflate 160-L front passenger-side air bag at room temperature and pressure (.998 atm*160L) / (295.372 kelvins*0.0821L* atm/mol*k) = 159.68/24.2500412 = 6.6 moles of Co2 Balanced equation for the reaction of NaHCO 3 and CH 3 COOH NaHCO3(S) +CH3OOH(aq)= H2O(l) + CO2(g) + CH2COONa(aq) Grams of NaHCO 3 needed for the reaction 84.0g *6.6 mol CO2 = 554.4g mL of CH 3 COOH (0.833 M) needed for the reaction 6.6 mol/0.833m*1000= 7923.17 mL 1. Based upon the observed performance of the airbag models and the amounts of sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid (vinegar) needed for an automotive air bag of 80 or 160 L, are these reactants a good substitute for sodium azide? One additional note regarding sodium azide: the rate of inflation after a triggering impact is 40 milliseconds (0.04 s). I don’t think that sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid are good substitutes for sodium azide due to the fact that the reaction rate wouldn’t be as immediate as it is with the sodium azide. In a vehicle accident milliseconds could be the difference between life or death when it comes to an airbags reaction time, the time it would take for the baking soda and vinegar to fill the airbag it may be too late to save someone's life. © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company

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