Trace Evidence.edited

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Navajo Technical University *

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360

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Chemistry

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Nov 24, 2024

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4

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1 Trace Evidence Institution affiliation: Student’s name: Instructor: Subject: Date:
2 Discussion Post Explaining to the CSI partner in training the methods of finding trace evidence, cautions on not losing or destroying it, and collection methods. Trace evidence connects perpetrators, victims, and crime scenes through tiny physical fragments moving throughout a crime (Buzzini & Curran, 2020) . Trace evidence can be gathered through the use of the following techniques; Optical search: This is a thorough examination of the crime scene to look for any traces of evidence that might be clear to see using the naked eye (Buzzini & Curran, 2020) . Another technique deployed is utilizing different illumination: locating trace evidence that might otherwise go undetected in well-lit areas is possible. Laser beams, UV lights, and infrared light are alternative luminaires that can help locate trace evidence at a crime scene (Buzzini & Curran, 2020) . Biochemical tests: Certain sorts of trace evidence can be found using chemical tests. For instance, fluorescent dyes, which react with the metal in hemoglobin to make the blood light in the dark, can be used to check for blood. It is essential to undertake the following precautions when gathering trace evidence to prevent losing or altering it. Wear gloves when gathering trace evidence to prevent damage and avoid depositing personal DNA or fingerprints on the material (Buzzini & Curran, 2020) . The instruments used to gather trace evidence must be clean and devoid of traces from earlier investigations (Buzzini & Curran, 2020) . Each item of proof must be identified with its area, date, and moment of collection and the identity of the individual who gathered it; this help to prevent cross-contamination. Other trace evidence can be collected through the following methods; Hair: Use forceps to delicately pluck hairs, being cautious not to injure the base or shaft. Each hair needs to be contained in its paper bag. Fibers: Fabrics can be delicately removed with forceps or taped to a
3 surface to be collected. Each fiber needs to be contained in its paper wrapper. Swabs may gather minute amounts of evidence, including blood and other bodily fluids (Athar, 2020) . They help obtain DNA samples as well. Relating the components of human hair that are considered class characteristics The aspect of human hair, described as a class attribute, refers to characteristics similar to a group of people. The elements of human hair class attributes include Cuticle Scale Sequence: The cuticle comprises lobes and is the hair shaft's outer part. These plates can have different patterns that vary from person to person, but the coronal, spinous, and imbricate varieties are the most prevalent (Athar, 2020) . Cortex Layout: The cortex, the hair shaft's middle part, is where the pigmentation that gives hair its color is found (Athar, 2020) . Each person has a unique cortical anatomy, including thickness and form. Pigmentation: How color is distributed within the hair shaft can also serve as a class feature (Athar, 2020) . Using these classifications of hair evidence, forensics experts can eliminate some possible suspects and establish a case against the offender. Explaining how the Locard Principle plays a significant part in the transfer of trace evidence and the importance of identifying and collecting it for the investigation. The Locard's Exchange Principle is the central concept in forensic science because it describes how trace evidence can move between individuals, things, or surroundings. According to this theory, there is a substance exchange every time two substances come into direct contact (Athar, 2020) . The transmitted material may include physical evidence like hair, fibers, DNA, and other micro or macroscale components. Since there is an exchange of materials in every crime scene, as explained in Locard’s Principle, finding and gathering trace evidence is crucial because it can offer insightful details about the incident and assist investigators in compiling evidence against the perpetrator (Athar, 2020) .
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4 References Athar, M. (2020). Trace evidence: A versatile key in forensic investigation. International Journal of Forensic Sciences , 5 (2). https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000193 Buzzini, P., & Curran, J. M. (2020). Interpreting trace evidence. Handbook of Trace Evidence Analysis , 421–454. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119373438.ch7