HIST270 - The Physicists Assignment

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May 27, 2024

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1 The Physicists American Military University HIST270: History of Science Prof. Patricia O’Neill April 25, 2021
2 Part A – Institutional Setting The institutional setting that had the most significant developments in physics was in the Universities. The University setting was where all the physicists that had significant discoveries were currently studying or as a professor. J.J. Thomson, who was a physicist at Cambridge University, was the one who had the discovery of the electron. Albert Einstein, who was employed at many universities, discovered the theory of relativity, the quantum theory of light, and a few other significant discoveries. Another example is Ernest Rutherford, who worked at the University of Manchester, discovered the atomic nucleus. Part B – Earth or Space While Earth had quite a few significant achievements, space had the most. Most achievements that happened on Earth had taken place before the 20 th century. Physics in the 20 th century was highly focused on space, to include black holes, other planets and galaxies, and landing a man on the moon and to advance our satellites. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was founded in 1958 which paved the way for many physicists to have their greatest contributions to the space program. This includes the significant landing on the moon in 1969. Part C – The Selected Physicist Albert Einstein is the physicist that had the greatest contributions to physics and his discoveries contributed the most to the space program. Einstein had the theory of relativity, the quantum theory of light, the equivalence of mass and energy, and the theoretical basis to confirm the existence of atoms. His theory of relativity became an important contribution to astrophysics
3 and led to Edwin Hubble’s discoveries of the existence of other galaxies and the universe. One of the books that Albert Einstein had published was The World as I see It. This book was written by him to explain his personal views of people and the world around him. The verbiage from this book I highly enjoyed was “To be sure, it is not the fruits of scientific research that elevate a man and enrich his nature, but the urge to understand, the intellectual work, creative or receptive” (Einstein, 2016, p. 168). This quote means that it’s not an individual’s research in their field that increases their confidence, but it is the urge of understanding the work they are doing and having the knowledge and the passion.
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4 Bibliography Cassidy, D. C. (2011). Entering the New Century. In A Short History of Physics in the American Century (pp. 6-24). Harvard University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/apus/detail.action? docID=3300986&pq-origsite=primo Cassidy, D. C. (2011). American Physics Comes of Age. In A Short History of Physics in the American Century (pp. 25-51). Harvard University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/apus/detail.action? docID=3300986&pq-origsite=primo Einstein, A. (2016). The World as I See It: Good and Evil. In The Albert Einstein collection volume one: Essays in Humanism, The Theory of Relativity, and The World as I See It (pp. 154-225). ProQuest Ebook Central. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com

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