Assignment which you are meant to do in your groups.docxsss

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Assignment which you are meant to do in your groups. (a) Identify a variable Variable: Cooperative working Cooperative working is a variable that refers to the practice of individuals or groups working together towards a common goal, sharing resources, knowledge, and responsibilities. It involves collaboration, communication, and mutual support among team members. (b) How it was developed historically or perceived. The development of cooperative working can be traced back to various historical contexts. One significant influence on the perception of cooperative working is the cooperative movement that emerged during the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. This movement aimed to address the exploitative working conditions faced by workers and promote collective action for better rights and improved living conditions. The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, founded in 1844 in England, is often considered the first successful cooperative organization. It established principles such as democratic control, equitable distribution of benefits, and education for members, which laid the foundation for cooperative working practices (Whyte, 1991). Another historical development that influenced cooperative working is the emergence of worker cooperatives in the early 20th century. These cooperatives were formed by workers who collectively owned and managed their enterprises, aiming to create a more democratic workplace and share in the profits generated. The Mondragon Corporation in Spain, founded in 1956, is one of the most well-known examples of successful worker cooperatives. (Edwards, 2018). (c) What are the current debates centered around this variable? Current debates centered around cooperative working revolve around its effectiveness in various contexts and its potential to address contemporary challenges. One debate focuses on whether cooperative working can enhance productivity and innovation compared to traditional hierarchical structures. Proponents argue that collaboration and shared decision- making can lead to increased employee engagement, creativity, and problem-solving abilities.

However, critics highlight potential challenges such as conflicts arising from differing opinions or difficulties in coordinating efforts among team members (Gide, 2019). Another debate centers around the scalability of cooperative working models. While cooperatives have been successful at a smaller scale, there are discussions about their applicability in larger organizations or industries. Critics argue that cooperative structures may face difficulties in maintaining efficiency and competitiveness as they grow in size. Additionally, concerns are raised about the potential for power imbalances within cooperative structures and the need for effective governance mechanisms (Kraakman, 2000). (d) What can you contribute towards the current debate? In contributing to the current debate on cooperative working, it is essential to consider the specific context and objectives of the organization or group involved. Researching case studies of successful cooperative working initiatives can provide insights into best practices and potential challenges. Additionally, conducting surveys or interviews with individuals who have experience with cooperative working can help gather firsthand perspectives on its benefits and limitations (Butler, 2010). By analyzing the existing literature on cooperative working, it is possible to identify key factors that contribute to its success, such as effective communication channels, shared decision-making processes, and a supportive organizational culture. Furthermore, exploring alternative models of cooperative working, such as platform cooperativism or hybrid forms of collaboration, can offer new perspectives on how to adapt cooperative principles to contemporary contexts. Overall, contributing to the current debate on cooperative working requires a comprehensive understanding of its historical development, an analysis of its effectiveness in different contexts, and an exploration of potential challenges and opportunities. By critically engaging with print sources and academic research, one can contribute valuable insights to inform discussions on this variable.

References: Cornforth, C., & Edwards, M. (2018). The governance of cooperatives and mutual associations: A paradox perspective. Oxford University Press. Gide, C., & Gide, C. (2019). Consumers' Cooperative Societies. Franklin Classics Trade Press. (Print) Hansmann, H., & Kraakman, R. (2000). The end of history for corporate law. Georgetown Law Journal, 89(2), 439-468. (Print) Whyte, W. F., & Whyte, K. K. (1991). Making Mondragon: The growth and dynamics of the worker cooperative complex. ILR Press. (Print) Zander, L., & Butler, M. J. (2010). Collaboration and cooperation in the workplace. Wiley- Blackwell. (Print)

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Assignment which you are meant to do in your groups.docxsss

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