Arleen Echevarria- MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY-C888

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Western Governors University *

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C888

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Biology

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Jan 9, 2024

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A. 1. An activity in which the visual aid could be used to facilitate student understanding would be to create laminated paper enzymes along with laminated paper substrates that fit perfectly into each other and then have the students each choose one or the other, then try to find the pair. This will allow the students to understand that each enzyme has a corresponding substrate. Then, the student with the substrate will use scissors to cut it along the dotted line to demonstrate the creation of the products due to weakened bonds in the substrate. B. 1. I will be using a plant to demonstrate the metabolic process of photosynthesis. Specifically, lima beans. 2. The hypothesis would be that restricting light to a plant organism will decrease the amount of usable energy produced by photosynthesis, thus decreasing the plant’s ability to grow and showing observable results of decreased growth. 3. By placing lima beans soaked in equal amounts of water inside of plastic bags at locations with different levels of light, one can measure the amount of growth observed and use it to draw a conclusion as to whether or not the amount of light influences photosynthesis and therefore directly influences growth. Over a period of 14 days, one will be able to note a difference. One bag will be in the dark, one bag will be constantly under a UV lamp, one bag will be taped to the window and experience natural daylight, one bag will will be taped to the window for 4 hours a day, and one bag will be taped to the window for 2 hours a day. The control sample will be a plant placed in constant light with a UV lamp. Another control will be a plant placed in a dark closet with absolutely no light.

• list of dependent and independent variables Dependent variable will be the amount of growth of the plant, measured in centimeters. Independent variable will be the amount of light that each sample recieves. • material needed to complete the investigation - 5 Lima beans of similar sizes - 5 Plastic bags (Ziploc) - Paper towels - Spring water - A UV Lamp - A window with a measurable amount of light in hours - A dark closet 4. In the control, the constant UV radiation will likely harm the plant. This would not prove the hypothesis directly, but will prove that the metabolic process of photosynthesis requires a certain level of homeostasis. In the control of keeping the plant in the dark, the plant will not grow as well as the plants exposed to some sunlight because UV energy is a necessary component of photosynthesis and the plant cells will be unable to create any usable energy. Thus, this plant will have limited growth. Without enough glucose, the plant will be unable to grow efficiently, (ChemTalk).Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of the plant cells. Plants use glucose formed during photosynthesis for cellular respiration, biosynthesis of starch and cellulose, as well as protein synthesis. The equation for photosynthesis is 6(CO2) + 12(H2O) —---light energy—>>> C6H12O6 + 6(O2) + 6(H20) Light energy is converted to chemical energy in the reactions that are light dependent. These reactions occur as chlorophyll in plants captures light energy. Products of this reaction include ATP and NADPH. When carbon fixation occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts after the production of these products, the carbon atoms from CO2 are fixed to the organic molecules, (Solomon). References ChemTalk, (n.d) Equation, Formula, Products https://chemistrytalk.org/photosynthesis- equation-formula-products/ Smithsonian, (n.d) What is Photosynthesis? https://ssec.si.edu/stemvisions-blog/what- photosynthesis Solomon, Eldra, (2019) Biology , Cengage, Boston 2019

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