Pre quiz 1

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University Of Arizona *

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Biology

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Jan 9, 2024

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Uploaded by ProfFlower11130

Pre quiz 1 In which way are plants and animals different in how they obtain or use energy? Question 1 options: Animals use ATP; plants do not. Plants capture energy from sunlight; animals capture chemical energy. Plants use the energy stored in sugar molecules; animals do not. Animals can synthesize sugars from simpler molecules; plants cannot. Question 2 (Mandatory) (1 point) Saved Listen Chargaff's rules describe the relative proportions of the four different nucleotides in a cell's DNA ( i.e. , A=T and C=G). No such rules exist for a cell's RNA. Which of the following is responsible for this difference? Question 2 options: Most of the DNA in a cell is packaged in chromosomes, while most of the RNA in the cell is free-floating. Where DNA has thymine nucleotides, RNA has uracil nucleotides. RNA nucleotides cannot form base pairs. Most of the DNA in a cell is double-stranded, while most of the RNA in a cell is single-stranded. Question 3 (Mandatory) (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the DNA strands above are correctly paired? Question 3 options: (a) (b) (c) (d) Question 4 (Mandatory) (1 point) Saved Listen

When a DNA double-helix replicates, it uses building blocks from its surroundings. You label these building blocks so that you can tell the difference between "old" (part of the original DNA double helix) and "new" (from the surroundings) building blocks. Which of the following is TRUE about the two DNA double-helices produced by one round of DNA replication? Question 4 options: One DNA double helix will have two old strands and one DNA double helix will have two new strands. One DNA double helix will have two old strands and one DNA double helix will have one old strand and one new strand. Each DNA double helix will have one old strand and one new strand. Each of the strands in both DNA double helices will be a combination of old and new building blocks. Question 5 (Mandatory) (1 point) Saved Listen A single somatic (non-sperm or -egg) cell from Castor canadensis (an American beaver) contains 40 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will a Castor canadensis sperm or unfertilized egg contain? Question 5 options: 10 20 40 80 I'm not sure Question 6 (Mandatory) (1 point) Saved Listen A single somatic (non-sperm or -egg) cell from Castor canadensis (an American beaver) contains 40 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will a Castor canadensis zygote (fertilized egg) contain? Question 6 options: 10

20 40 80 Question 7 (Mandatory) (1 point) Listen Polydactyly is a dominant, autosomal (not sex-linked) genetic disorder that results in too many digits (fingers or toes). Mike, 38 years old, has one copy of the mutant polydactyl allele (version of the gene) and one copy of the normal allele. His wife Carol is normal (she does not have polydactyly). What is the probability that Mike and Carol's first child will have the polydactyly trait? Question 7 options: Practically zero 25% 50% 100% Question 8 (Mandatory) (1 point) Listen Mike and Carol (from the previous question) have three children without polydactyly. What is the chance that their fourth child will have the polydactyly trait? Question 8 options: Practically zero 25% 50% 100% Question 9 (1 point) Listen A number of mutations have been described in the G protein Ras that have profound effects on its activity. For example, some mutations greatly increase the affinity of the G protein for GDP, making it very difficult for GDP to be exchanged for GTP. Other mutations prevent the GTPase activity of Ras, preventing it from causing the hydrolysis

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of GTP to GDP. This is an internal control to be sure the questions are being read before answering. The answer to this question if the first choice presented, Which of the scenarios would result in a persisting proliferation response to growth factor receptor activation after the ligand is no longer binding to its receptor kinase? Question 9 options: a mutation that blocks the GTPase activity of Ras a mutation that blocks the exchange of GDP with GTP both of the mutations described above. neither of the mutations described above. Question 10 (Mandatory) (1 point) Listen You have obtained a mutant bacterial strain in which the gene for hexokinase and its promoter (the upstream regulatory region) are missing. If you introduce into your mutant strain a DNA plasmid engineered to contain the coding sequence of the human hexokinase gene driven by the normal bacterial promoter (see figure), the resulting bacteria will now produce: Question 10 options: hexokinase with the bacterial amino-acid sequence. hexokinase with the human amino-acid sequence. hexokinase with an amino-acid sequence that is partly human, partly bacterial. no hexokinase enzyme, because bacteria cannot read human genes. Question 11 (Mandatory) (1 point) Listen

In cells, genetic information is stored in DNA. Which of the following statements BEST outlines how that information is used in cells? Question 11 options: DNA sequences (genes) directly carry out most of the processes of the cell. DNA sequences (genes) are templates for making proteins, which carry out most of the processes of the cell. DNA sequences (genes) are templates for making intermediate molecules called mRNA, which are templates for making proteins, which carry out most of the processes of the cell. DNA sequences (genes) are templates for making intermediate molecules called proteins, which are templates for making mRNAs, which carry out most of the processes of the cell. Question 12 (Mandatory) (1 point) Listen Just before mitosis, one of your chromosomes consists of two sister chromatids (see the figure above). The chromosome contains: Question 12 options: DNA from one of your parents in one sister chromatid and DNA from the other parent in the other sister chromatid. a mixture of DNA from both of your parents in both sister chromatids as a result of recombination (crossing over) during meiosis. a mixture of DNA from both of your parents in both sister chromatids as a result of recombination (crossing over) during fertilization. DNA from only one of your parents. Question 13 (Mandatory) (1 point) Listen Which of the following describe(s) a molecular change that would be passed down through generations of cells?

Question 13 options: An enzyme mistakenly attaches the wrong amino acid to a tRNA, resulting in a protein with an error in its amino-acid sequence. An RNA polymerase mistakenly attaches an RNA nucleotide with the wrong base to a messenger RNA (mRNA), resulting in an mRNA with an error in its nucleotide-base sequence. A DNA polymerase mistakenly attaches a DNA nucleotide with the wrong base to a DNA strand, resulting in a DNA strand with an error in its nucleotide-base sequence. All of the above I don't know Question 14 (1 point) Listen Have you taken a college-level biology course? Question 14 options: Yes No Unsure

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