Quiz 7

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After food enters the stomach, gastrin triggers the release of __________ and secretion of __________. Question options: chime; enteropeptidase gastric juices; pepsinogen gastric juices; chyme secreton; enteropeptidase on A person who has phenylketonuria will have an excess amount of ___________ in the cell. Question options: phenylalanine alanine pyruvate tyrosine on Which digestive protease is responsible for initiating the proteolytic cascade in the small intestine? Question options: trypsinogen trypsin proelastase enteropeptidase on Animals cannot synthesize tyrosine from shikimate-3P because they lack EPSP synthase. However, tyrosine is listed as a non-essential amino acid in most tables. What is the explanation? Question options: Tyrosine is essential until reaching puberty, and then after that, it is non-essential because of hormones. Tyrosine is not essential because it can be synthesized from tryptophan, and tryptophan is essential.
There are other pathways to synthesize tyrosine from shikimate-3P, so EPSP synthase is not required. Most animals do actually contain the enzyme EPSP synthase it is just not expressed all of the time. Tyrosine can be synthesized from phenylalanine, and since phenylalanine is essential, tyrosine is not. on Why is ingesting large amounts of L-arginine a viable treatment for argininosuccinase deficiency? Question options: Secreting fumarate would also work, but fumarate is an acid and it causes stomach bleeding.  By ingesting large amounts of L-arginine, the patient is able to excrete large amounts of urea. Arginine is converted to ornithine, which provides urea cycle intermediates needed for nitrogen removal. Citrulline can be excreted in the urine, which provides a way to remove excess dietary nitrogen. The aspartate-argininosuccinate shunt requires arginine to carry the nitrogen to the urea cycle.
n 1 2 / Which metabolite listed below serves as the biochemical link between the urea cycle and the citrate cycle? Question options: ornithine malate fumarate arginine on Regulation of protein ubiquitination is most often mediated by modification of_____________. Question options: target proteins and E1 ligases. E1 and E2 ligases. the E2-ubiquitin-E3 complex. target proteins and E3 ligases. E1 ubiquitin ligase complex. on All _____ amino acids are derived from just ______ metabolic intermediates, which are found in three metabolic pathways _________, _________, and _______. Question options: 20, 7, glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, citrate cycle 20, 9, glycolysis, pentose phosphate, urea cycle 20, 7, glycolysis, pentose phosphate, citrate cycle 15, 5, glycolysis, pentose phosphate, citrate cycle on
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Arginine, leucine, and lysine are all essential amino acids. This means that they are____________. Question options: the main intermediates to the urea cycle. not needed for a body to function. only available from dietary sources. produced from other intermediates. on Why does it make sense that tadpoles (which live in water) have low levels of the enzyme arginase, but after metamorphosis into frogs (which live on land), their arginase levels increase? Question options: The volume of water in a pond is so large that tadpoles can excrete ammonia directly and not die. Tadpoles living in water can excrete ammonia directly, but once on land, they need to excrete urea. Arginase is the enzyme that converts glutamine to glutamate and therefore required for urea cycle. Tadpoles develop into frogs when ammonia levels in the pond gets too high and they crawl on land.
n 1 2 / Nitrogen obtained from dietary proteins is incorporated into the urea cycle_____________. Question options: through conversion to glutamine through conversion to aspartate by getting phosphorylated by degrading down to ammonia on Compare the function of pepsin with that of secretin. Question options: Pepsin cleaves trypsin, whereas secretin activates proteolytic zymogens. Pepsin cleaves polypeptides, whereas secretin neutralizes pH back to 7. Pepsin activates trypsinogen, whereas secretin neutralizes pH back to 7. Pepsin denatures proteins, whereas secretin cleaves polypeptide bonds. on Fill in the missing amino acids using the single letter code for each.
Question options: 1: I, 2:P, 3:C, 4:V 1: V, 2:C, 3:P, 4:M 1: K, 2:S, 3:R, 4:F 1: L, 2:C, 3:P, 4:V on Phenylketonuria (1) / Albinism (2)  is characterized by white skin due to a defect in the enzyme tyrosinase, which leads to a block in the pathway needed to synthesize adrenaline (3) / melanin (4) .  Animals with this condition have an increased risk of skin cancer (5) / mental illness (6) . The genetic disease albinism (7) / phenylketonuria (8)  is caused by a defect in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which leads to the accumulation of  tyrosine (9) /   phenylalanine (10)  derivatives that are toxic metabolites Choose the best underline word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence and record the numbers. Question options: 1, 4, 5, 7, 10 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 1, 3, 6, 7, 9 2, 4, 6, 8, 9         2, 4, 5, 8, 10 on
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Diseases affecting heme biosynthesis as a result of deficiencies in the heme biosynthetic pathway are called______________. Question options: porphyrias. shikimate. alkaptonuria. albinism. Done

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