2013 Exam 2-1

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400

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Name__________________ HN 400 Exam 2 Version 1 March 15, 2013 Section 1 - True-False Questions. Please circle the correct answer. For false statements, correct the error(s) in the statement (2 points each, 22 points total). 1. Absorption occurs when a compound is transported into enterocytes, which are then sloughed off villi. T F 2. In type 2 diabetes, not enough insulin is produced, meaning more GLUT4 will move to the surface of muscle and adipose cells for glucose uptake. T F 3. Monosaccharides and amino acids are transported to the liver after absorption through the portal vein. T F 4. The two types of inflammatory bowel disease are celiac disease and ulcerative colitis. T F 5. Lipoprotein lipase is the enzyme responsible for mobilizing fatty acids under anabolic conditions. T F 6. During a long-term fast, glycogenolysis would be occurring in the adipose and liver. T F 7. Copper is reduced in this reaction: Cu 2+ + e - = Cu 1+ T F 8. De novo lipogenesis is a catabolic pathway, lipolysis is an anabolic pathway. T F 9. An amino acid that is metabolized to a citric acid cycle intermediate is a T F ketogenic amino acid.
2 Last Name_________________________ 10. Statins are HMG CoA reductase inhibitors that increase cholesterol synthesis, thus decreasing LDL levels. T F 11. Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are involved in the Cori cycle. T F Section 2 - Short & Long Answer Questions (variable points, 53 points total) 12. Name the common digestive problem that typically involves the precipitation of bile and/or cholesterol (2 points). 13. Under anaerobic conditions, what cofactor needs to be regenerated for glycolysis to continue (2 points)? 14. Your mom/dad is concerned about their good and bad cholesterol after a recent checkup with his/her doctor. He/she says that they’re going to decrease dietary bad cholesterol and increase dietary good cholesterol as a result. Is this a good approach? Why or why not (4 points)?
3 Last Name_________________________ 15. If you were to consume 50 grams of carbohydrates from the foods below, which food would result in the lowest glycemic response (3 points)? Explain your answer. Glycemic Index Glycemic Load Food 1 50 20 Food 2 75 10 Food 3 25 30 16. Why is the liver the only tissue that can secrete glucose (3 points)? 17. Of the tissues you learned about in class, which do not readily perform beta-oxidation (3 points)? 18. A white blood cell that has taken up a great quantity of LDL is known as what? What condition(s) do these cells contribute to (4 points)?
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4 Last Name_________________________ 19. During aerobic glucose metabolism (aka respiration), describe how the majority of ATP isgenerated (4 points)? 20. What products from a mixed triglyceride (containing SCFA, MCFA, and LCFA) are taken up into enterocytes (2 points)? a. In what form are they transported out of the enterocytes (2 points)? b. Where are the forms from part a transported out of the enterocyte to (absorbed, 2 points)?
5 Last Name_________________________ 21. Rank the following lipoproteins according to triglyceride composition as a percent of the particle (1, highest, 3 lowest, 3 points). VLDL, chylomicron, LDL 22. One common issue that can occur in alcoholics is fatty liver disease. Based on your understanding of macronutrient and alcohol metabolism; does this surprise you? Explain why or why not (4 points). 23. A friend decides to eat nothing but carrots for the few weeks prior. Assume these are 100% starch and a recent meal has just been digested and absorbed. a. What would the muscle be taking up? What would it do with what it takes up (4 points)?
6 Last Name_________________________ 24. Your friend has decided to consume a 100% protein shake diet for a few weeks. Assume this diet is 100% protein and a recent meal has been just been digested and absorbed. a. What would the liver be secreting (4 points)? b. What would the adipose be taking up? Describe/diagram in detail how what is taken up will be metabolized to be stored. If you diagram, make sure to include a short description to describe what is happening in your diagram (7 points).
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