bvalchar_assignment10.1

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Apr 3, 2024

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HITT 1349 Assignment 10.1 NAME: Bonnie Valchar ____________________________________________________ Answer the questions regarding chapter 10 content. Submit assignment by midnight of due date. Label this assignment first initial, last name_assignment10.1). This assignment is worth 15 points 1. List the four categories of drugs that can be used in the treatment of asthma. List specifically, how each category works to improve asthma (8 pts).  Bronchodilator drugs- works to improve asthma by relaxing the smooth muscle around the bronchioles, allowing them to dilate, which increases airflow to the lungs.  Corticosteroid drugs- works to improve asthma by mimicking the action of natural cortisol and are used to reduce inflammation and edema associated with asthma.  Leukotriene formation inhibitor drugs/ Leukotriene receptor blocker drugs- works to improve asthma by blocking the action of leukotriene at the receptor level and inhibiting the production of leukotriene. Leukotriene is produced by the body in response to inhaled antigens, causing airway edema, bronchospasm, and inflammation.  Monoclonal Antibody drugs- work to improve asthma by binding with immunoglobulin E and keeps it from attaching to receptors on mast cells and basophils where it would trigger the release of histamine treating moderate to severe, or persistent asthma. 2. Why is multiple- drug therapy typically used to treat tuberculosis (1 pt)? Multiple-drug therapy is typically used to treat tuberculosis because of a unique waxy coating around its bacterial wall, M tuberculosis is difficult to kill and is resistant to regular antibiotic drugs that are effective against other gram-positive bacteria. 3. Look up the drug Rifadin (rifampin). Indicate which disease this drug is used for and list some common side effects. Be sure to site your reference (2 pts). Rifampin is used to treat tuberculosis, some common side effects include behavioral changes, ataxia, chills, confusion, difficulty concentrating, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, fever, and headache. Source: Loebl, Suzanne. 2020 Nurse’s Drug Handbook , Jones & Bartlett Learning, Burlington, MA, 2020, pp. 1088–1091.

4. Differentiate expectorant drugs from antitussive drugs. When would each type of drug be used (2 pts)? Antitussive drugs decrease coughing by suppressing the cough center in the brain, or by anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory tract. Whereas expectorant drugs reduce the thickness of mucus so that patients may more easily cough it up. Antitussives would be used to treat dry, nonproductive coughs. Expectorants would be used when there is a productive cough, with pneumonia, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, or tuberculosis. 5. Describe briefly, the proper way to use a metered-dose inhaler. What is a “spacer”, and why is it utilized? (1 pt) The proper way to use a metered-dose inhaler is by placing the mouthpiece in your mouth to inhale as you press down on the metal cannister inside of the inhaler which releases a puff of the liquid drug. A spacer is a long plastic chamber with its own mouthpiece that attaches to the inhaler, the liquid drug releases into the spacer in which the patient can then inhale the drug from the spacer. It is used for patients that need help coordinating the steps needed to use the inhaler properly. 6. Describe briefly, the proper way to use a discus inhaler (1 pt). The proper way to use a discus inhaler is hold it in a horizontal position, place the mouthpiece in the mouth, slide the lever to release a dose of the drug, and then inhale. The outer case is then rotated to cover the mouthpiece and keep it clean until next use.

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