MolecularBiologyReviewWkSt_OnlineGenBio2020

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Molecular Biology Worksheet Name: Chelsea Dolbel DNA/RNA/Amino Acid Chain 1) During DNA replication, the entirety of your genetic code gets duplicated in preparation for cellular division. Below is one small section of DNA. Use the letters provided below and write down the complementary sequence of DNA. DNA → ACTGGTCCAGATTCCGCTGGATCTGAAC DNA → TGACCAGGTCTAAGGCGACCTAGACTTG 2) Transcription: Convert the following DNA sequence into an RNA sequence: DNA → TACTCCAGGCGCGATCTGAGCGCTTACTCT RNA → AUGAGGUCCGCGCUAGACUCGCGAAUCAGA 3) Translation: Convert the above RNA sequence into an amino acid chain using the chart provided below.

Amino Acid Chain → met|arg|ser|ala|leu|asp|ser|arg|iso|arg Molecular Biology Terms Read the statements below and distinguish if it is a process belonging to transcription, translation or DNA replication. Remember, DNA replication has nothing to do with transcription and translation. Transcription and translation are linked, but also very different processes.

State the overall purpose of each of the process below before continuing:  Transcription – Process of making an RNA strand from DNA.  Translation – Process of translating mRNA into sequence of amino acids.  DNA replication – DNA is copied and produces 2 identical copies of DNA strands. Read the following statements and write in the space provided if it corresponds to transcription, translation or DNA replication. For further practice, also write a 1, 2 or 3 to denote which step in the process the description belongs to. For example: if you figure out a description below corresponds to Initiation of transcription, write Transcription 1. 1. tRNA’s bring amino acids to the ribosome that fit a matching codon which makes the corresponding polypeptide increase in length. _ Translation 2 __________ 2. When the cell is getting ready to divide, a team of DNA helicases begin to unzip the DNA double helix and several locations. _ DNA replication 1 _______________ 3. RNA polymerase encounters a terminator region and falls away from the gene; releasing the mRNA molecule. _ Transcription 3 _________________ 4. DNA ligase runs along the two DNA helix’s and bonds any DNA fragments together to complete the strands of DNA. _ DNA replication 3 _______________ 5. A start codon is read, the first amino acid methionine is brought to the ribosome and attaches, and the ribosome comes together around the mRNA. _ Translation 1 _________________ 6. RNA polymerase runs along a gene, reads the gene, and attaches the complimentary nucleotide base. _ Transcription 1 _______________ 7. A stop codon is read. This means there are no corresponding amino acids that match that codon. This is a signal for the ribosome to fall apart and release the polypeptide. _ Translation 3 ___________

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8. A team of DNA polymerase molecules read both strands of DNA in a 5’ to 3’ direction and attached the complimentary base pairs in order to build the new DNA molecules. _ DNA replication 2 __________ 9. RNA polymerase encounters a promotor region which signals where to attach and begin making an mRNA copy of a gene. __ Transcription 1 _____________

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