Week 5 lab doc

BIOS251 OL, Week 5 Lab Name: Jolene Barr OL Lab 5: Integumentary system Learning Objectives:  Identify the tissue and cellular features of the skin.  Identify the structures associated with the skin.  Correlate the anatomical features to its functions.  Identify the role of the skin in thermoregulation and wound healing. Part A: Anatomy of the skin I. Microscopic anatomy of the skin. Complete the table using the image provided: II. Gross anatomy of the skin. Complete the table using the image provided. Structure Function A Stratum Corneum 30 layers of dead keratinized cells resistant to abrasion, penetration and water loss B Stratum Granulosum 3-5 layers of keratinocytes that produce two type of granules-Keratohyalin and lamellar granule C Stratum Spinosum Keratinocytes making keratin. Usually thickest stratum and contains dendritic cells D Stratum Basale Single cuboidal layer containing melanocytes, tactile cells and stem cells. Makes new cells E Basement Membrane Separates Epithelium from other tissues. F Sensory Neuron Detects touch sensations G Dermis Composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers. H Dendritic Cell are involved in the immune responses I Tactile epithelial cell Function on the sensation of touch J Living Keratinocyte Produce keratin. A tough fibrous protein that provides protection for most of our cells K Melanocyte Produce the pigment melanin that surrounds and protects the nucleus from UV rays.

BIOS251 OL, Week 5 Lab Name: Jolene Barr Part B: Thermoregulation Use the diagram provided, to answer the questions. Structure Function A Hair Shaft Upper part of the hair, part that can be seen. B Blood vessels Blood supply C Arrector pili muscle The muscle that causes goosebumps in response to stimuli D Sebaceous gland Secretes oil, prevents hair from drying out and prevents water loss E Eccrine Sweat Gland Waste removal, assists in thermoregulation F Hair Root Hair below the skin in the follicle G Subcutaneous Fat Subcutaneous tissue comprised of predominantly adipose tissue H Pacinian corpuscle Pressure sensor I Dermal Papilla provides the hair with its sole source of nutrition J Papillary Region Contains thick collagen and fine elastic fibers, dermal papillae and corpuscles of touch K Reticula consists of dense irregular connective tissue; it is much more fibrous than cellular L Dermis much thicker layer thank epidermis that consists of blood vessels, follicles, oil glands, etc.

BIOS251 OL, Week 5 Lab Name: Jolene Barr Instructions: For this part of the lab you will use Anatomy TV to watch an animation on skin wound healing. Please read the instructions before you begin. 1. Use the link below to log into Anatomy TV via Chamberlain Library. https://library.chamberlain.edu/az.php?q= . 2. Select Anatomy TV under popular databases to access the site. 3. Select the ‘Integumentary System’ tile: 4. Select topics and click on Skin Wound Healing . 5. Watch the animation to answer the questions below: 1. Compare and contrast the epidermal and dermal wound healing. During epidermal wound healing, the cut or abrasion has only injured the outermost layer of the skin and doesn’t penetrate the dermis. This type of wound heals by basal epidermal cells migrating and multiplying to cover the wound. A dermal wound, the injury has penetrated the dermis and involves multiple layers of tissue. Healing occurs in 3 separate phases. The first phase is the inflammatory phase where a blood clot is formed to pervert more blood loss, histamine is released due to the tissue damage causing vasodilation, increasing white blood cell delivery. The second stage is the proliferation and migratory phase where the blood clot dries and fibroblasts are released to trigger the secretion of collagen and proliferation so injured blood cells can start regrowing to form glanulation tissue. The third phase is the maturation and remodeling phase where the scab falls off, collagen fibers become more organized and fewer fibroblasts are present. Blood vessels are back to normal and scar tissue forms. 2. Describe the first step in wound healing. What its significance?

BIOS251 OL, Week 5 Lab Name: Jolene Barr The first phase is the inflammatory phase where a blood clot is formed to pervert more blood loss, histamine is released due to the tissue damage causing vasodilation, increasing white blood cell delivery. 3. Why is inflammation an important step in wound healing? Inflammation is an important step because during the inflammation phase, white blood cells are flooded to the wound, encouraging healing of the site. 4. What results in fibrosis during deep wound healing? Fibrosis is the result of increased fibroblasts and the denser arrangement of collagen fibers and reduced elasticity. Part D: Case Studies : Read the case study. In your own words and in complete sentences answer the questions. Case Study 1 While preparing dinner Jane knocked a pan of boiling water onto herself. She suffered partial thickness burns to the anterior region of her legs. 1. What is partial thickness burns? A partial thickness burn is a burn that affects the epidermis and the dermis. 2. Jane loose sensation of the affected area? Why? Jane lost sensation to the affected area because nerves were damaged by the burn 3. Using the Rule of Nines calculate the total body surface area percentage that is burned? Because she suffered from burns on the anterior region of her legs, and the lets account for 18% each of the body surface, Jane suffered burns on approximately 36% of her body.

BIOS251 OL, Week 5 Lab Name: Jolene Barr Grading Rubric:  Activity  Deliverable  Points  Part A (I & II) Skin Structure and Functions 10 Part B, C & D Answer all the questions - Part B - Thermoregulation - Part C – Skin Wound Healing - Part D –Case studies 5 5 10 Total   Complete all lab activities   30