Camille West Ecosystem Pre-lab and Excerise 1 (1)

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Camille West BIO-140A-0001 Mrs. Tompkins 6 September 2020 PRE-LAB QUESTIONS 1. Terrestrial biomes are characterized by the ___ and the annual precipitation of a region. a. Average elevation b. Average annual temperature c. Salinity d. Geographic Location 2. What are the two primary components of an ecosystem? The two primary components are biotic factors and abiotic factors. 3. A ___ is a location where an organism physically resides or is adapted to live. a. Niche b. Biome c. Habitat d. Trophic Level 4. What is the name for organisms that get their energy from the Sun and do not need to eat other organisms? a. Producers b. Primary consumers c. Secondary consumers ©eScience Labs, 2018

d. Tertiary consumers 5. What is the term for the increased concentration of a substance as it works its way up the food chain? The term for the increased concentration of a substance as it works its way up the food chain is biomagnification. ©eScience Labs, 2018

EXERCISE 1 DATA SHEET Table 2. Components of the Biomagnification of DDT Element of the Exercise Answer The original concentration of DDT in the water 0.00005 ppm Concentration of DDT in the plankton 0.05 ppm How many times higher is the concentration of DDT in the plankton than in the water? 1,000 times higher Concentration of DDT in the shrimp 0.20 ppm Concentration of DDT in the seatrout 2.05 ppm Concentration of DDT in the osprey 75 ppm How many times higher is the concentration of DDT in the osprey than in the water? 1.5 million times higher ©eScience Labs, 2018

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EXERCISE 1 POST-LAB QUESTIONS 1. DDT is also toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. Based on what you know about ecosystems and food chain dynamics, what are some potential impacts to an aquatic ecosystem that receives a particularly high dose of DDT (i.e., a much higher original concentration of DDT in the water)? Potential impacts of high doses of DDT in aquatic environments can include increased death rate of fish and amphibians, decrease in reproductive success between populations, increase in algae production, and lead to fewer prey for the fish due to a majority of the organisms dying from the high levels of toxic chemicals. 2. Half-life is the time required for half of an amount of a particular compound to degrade (see table below). The half-life of DDT in the soil is from 2 to 15 years, and the half-life of DDT in an aquatic environment is 150 years. 1 half-life 50% degraded 2 half-lives 75% degraded 3 half-lives 88% degraded 4 half-lives 94% degraded 5 half-lives 97% degraded a. How many years have passed after five DDT half-lives in an aquatic environment? After five DDT half-lives 750 years have passed in an aquatic environment. b. If the original concentration of DDT in the water is 2 ppm, how much DDT would be remaining in the water after 1 half-life? If the original concentration in the water is 2 ppm then 0.0133 ppm would be remaining in the water after one half-life. c. How much DDT would be remaining in the water after 5 half-lives? 2.63 x 10 − 11 ppm would be remaining in the water after five half-lives 3. Do you think DDT has the potential to cause more long-term harm to an estuary ecosystem or a terrestrial (on land) ecosystem? Why? I think that DDT has the potential to cause more harm to an estuary ecosystem than a terrestrial ecosystem because DDT can’t dissolve in water so it takes longer for the DDT ©eScience Labs, 2018

to full disappear in an aquatic ecosystem. This is why it takes 150 years for half of the DDT to decrease compared to the half- life of soil DDT, which is only 2-15 years. ©eScience Labs, 2018

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