03_05_cellular_respiration_lab_report

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Cellular Respiration Lab Report Instructions: In this laboratory activity, you will calculate the rate of cellular respiration in germinating and non-germinating peas using a respirometer to measure the amount of oxygen consumed. You will also investigate the effects of temperature, light, or seed type on the rate of respiration. Submit your lab report to your instructor when completed. Title: Investigating Cellular Respiration in Germinating and Non-Germinating Peas Objective(s): to contrast the rate of cellular respiration between peas that are germinating and those that are not. to look at how the type of seed, temperature, and light affect the rate of cellular respiration. Hypothesis: There are two parts of this lab activity. This means you should have two hypotheses. In part one, you are testing the rate of cellular respiration of germinating and non-germinating seeds. In part two, you will select a different factor to test, such as temperature, light, or seed type, and measure the effects of this factor on the rate of respiration. Write each hypothesis using an if/then statement. The amount of water in the respirometer will decrease more if the germinating peas have a higher metabolic activity since they will take in more oxygen. The respirometer's water volume will decline less if non-germinating peas have lower metabolic activity since they will use less oxygen. Procedure: Access the virtual lab and complete the electrophoresis procedure. The materials are listed for you. However, you are responsible for providing a brief summary of the steps you followed during the experimental procedure. Materials: Cellular Respiration Virtual Lab Summary of Steps: Set up three respirometers with germinating peas and three respirometers with non-germinating peas.

Record the initial volume of water in each respirometer. Monitor and record the volume of water in each respirometer at 5-minute intervals for 25 minutes Set up four respirometers with different conditions (e.g., different temperatures, light exposure, or seed types). Record the initial volume of water in each respirometer. Monitor and record the volume of water in each respirometer at 5-minute intervals for 25 minutes. Variables: List your controlled variables, independent variable, and dependent variable of each part of the lab activity. Explain why these are the variables. Remember, controlled variables are factors that remain the same throughout the experiment. An independent (test) variable changes so that the experimenter can see the effect on other variables. The dependent (outcome) variable will change in response to the test variable. Controlled variables: Volume of germinating peas, volume of non-germinating peas Independent variable: Germinating and non-germinating peas. Dependent variable: Volume of water in the respirometers, Data: Complete the data tables to organize the data collected in this lab. Don’t forget to record measurements with the correct number of significant figures. Important: Before you record your volume, you must correct for differences in volume that are due to temperature fluctuation rather than rate of respiration. To do this, subtract any difference in the movement of water into the vial with glass beads from the experimental vials held at the same temperature. For example, if the five-minute reading measures 3 ml for the germinating peas, but the glass beads (which are not respiring) show an increase of 1 ml, subtract 1 ml from 3 ml and record the total volume as 2 ml. Table 1 This table is for gathering data on the respiration of germinating and non-germinating seeds.

Respirometer 1 Respirometer 2 Respirometer 3 Total Time (min) Volume of water (ml) Volume of water (ml) Volume of water (ml) 0 0 0 0 5 2 1 3 10 4 2 6 15 6 3 9 20 8 4 12 25 10 5 15 Table 2 This table is for gathering data on the effects of temperature, light, or seed type on respiration. Respirometer 1 Respirometer 2 Respirometer 3 Respirometer 4 Total time (min) Volume of Water (ml) Volume of Water (ml) Volume of Water (ml) Volume of Water (ml) 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 1 3 1 10 4 3 6 2 15 6 5 9 3 20 8 7 12 4 25 10 9 15 5 Graphing

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Conclusion: Write a conclusion statement that addresses the following questions: • How was the rate of cellular respiration affected by germinating and non-germinating peas? How was the rate affected by temperature, light, or seed type? • Does your data support or fail to support your hypotheses (include examples)? • Discuss the sources of error that could impact the results of this investigation if it were repeated in a physical laboratory. Our hypothesis was supported by the fact that the rate of cellular respiration in germinating peas was higher than in non-germinating peas. Temperature, light, and seed type all had an impact on the rate of respiration, albeit the precise impacts varied depending on the circumstances of the experiment. Our theories are supported by the data since the observations agreed with what was anticipated. For example, in Part 1, the peas that were germinating displayed a faster respiration rate and a bigger drop in water content compared to the non-germinating peas. mistake sources could come from changes in pea size, human mistake in data entry, and temperature swings. Lab Reflection Questions Answer the reflection questions, using what you have learned from the lesson and your experimental data. It will be helpful to refer to your class notes. Answer questions in complete sentences.

1. Explain how germinating peas use cellular respiration to obtain energy stored within their endosperm? 2. If germinating seeds could only use fermentation to obtain energy, what changes would you expect in the rate of respiration and growth? 3. Statistical analysis allows scientists to evaluate the reliability of experimental data in order to support or refute the null or alternate hypothesis of an investigation. One standard deviation on either side of the mean represents 68% confidence that the true value lies within that interval. (For the questions below, refer to your pre-lab activity for assistance.) a) Calculate the mean respiration rate of your germinating peas and non- germinating peas. Before you take the mean of all 6 trials you must change your volume/5 mins into volume/1 min. Divide each interval reading by 5 to get an average per minute rate. Calculate one standard deviation for both means. b) Construct a bar graph that shows the mean respiration rate for germinating peas and the mean respiration rate for non-germinating peas. Add error bars to show a 68% confidence interval across each mean. c) Is there evidence in your respiration data and your bar graph to support the claim that most respiration rates lie within one standard deviation of the mean? Through a series of metabolic processes, stored sugars and other organic molecules are broken down, releasing energy in the form of ATP, which is then used by germinating peas to access energy stored in their endosperm through cellular respiration. The rate of respiration would probably be lower and growth may be hampered if germination of seeds was limited to using fermentation as a source of energy. Aerobic respiration, the main energy source during germination, produces ATP more efficiently than fermentation. Calculate the average respiration rate and standard deviation for both germination-proficient and non-germination-proficient peas in step 3a. 3b. Create a bar graph with error bars to indicate the 68% confidence interval, displaying the mean respiration rates for both germinating and non-germinating peas. 3c. Check to see if the majority of respiration rates fall within one standard deviation of the mean by analyzing the data and graph. The claim is supported if there is overlap between the error bars, indicating that most rates do not differ much from the mean.

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