20 Basic Genetics Exercises

pdf

School

The University of Hong Kong *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

DSE

Subject

Biology

Date

Nov 24, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

Uploaded by PrivateSteelDonkey34

Exercis e- Basic Genetic<=. _e~HCISE - BASI C G ENETI CS E === Science, Technology. Society and E . srs . - 1 1v ,r o11rn e n1 Scl ·entific Inquiry · SI === ... T he photograph bc l1>,, . 'i hu\\-, 1 ,, 11 phnt f, . l. _ . . ·, . . ' · Ill !Ir(' ' ,; 1 111 1· '- I Wt 1 1·,. l'l:ifli ;\ 1 , 1 nr ·,•, lv rl i• ,cr ,ve rc cl vanet \' which 1s mul h s li~) rl~ r tlt · ui ii . , •i 1 , - ' s v 1 < type, pl.,nt H. Plant A Plant B (a) Both plant A and plant B were self-pollinated and all the offspring obtained fr om pl an t A are dwarf plants whereas those obtained from plant B are all tall. ( i) Assuming that the height of the stem in this plant species is inherited in a Mendelian manner, deduce the genotypes of plants A and B. Give one reason to support your answers. (3 mar ks) (ii) Describe an d explain how you could determine the recessive phenotype for the height of the stem. (3 mark s) 113 .~

114 . d e,e r ciseS 'ogJ' - /11/elJSfl,e No/es an . - . .... wnll n ll y gr ee n 111 colou r. O cc as io na l! . 1·, 1\· 1111 ,p c< " ' • 11 1 1 • . • Y, an . , hl n ic ,1 :L 'dl1n t ' nl 1 11 I · 1 . 1 . , 1 w ,1w ws a ll alb 111 0 a nd its gr ee n co <lb;" \ '\ ' 1 \l lllll" r: 11 I I ll (l . u nt er " ,n • ,11 1 11 0 111'1 ' 1,,. /ll ll ll d " I r Par t: albino green r 1 1 Su gg cs t a ge ne tic ca use for the occurrence of the albino seed Ii n g. ( J mar k) (ii! As sumi ng that the inheritance of the seedling colour also follows the Mendelian pattern, ex pl ai n w hether you can use the same method you described in (a) to detennine the recess iven ess of thi s trait. ( 3 mark s) Total: 10 marks

Exercise - Basic Genetics 2 In humans. body pigmentatio . . . . . . n is co11tro ll cd h ' ., . . . pi gmentation (A) 1s dominant uvn 1 . . ) ' " 111 g lc pu,r of ;tl/clc '>. The , ill elc for normal . f I C' ,dick for alhill( J ( ; 1J Answer the questions with rci, . , ll<. ll 1.'(.' In !h e r II . I 2 3 4 5 6 8 0 ii w ,11 μ PL 'di 1!r C'1 ·· K ey: 0 nr 1rm;il in;iJ ,· D ,d h1nr> male Q norm al female Q albino fcrml c (a) From the information given ab d d . ove, e uce the genotypes of th e par ents (incl i vidu ah I and 2 J. Explain how you arrive at . . your answer. (Genetic diagrams are not acce pt ed.) r 4 mar ks J ( b) What is the chance of a second child of the couple 6 and 7 being normal? Explain your answer with the help of a genetic diagram. ( 3 marks ) 115 -:::;:;;::} ,i J.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Biology- !ntons,ve N otes and Exercises (c) Indi v idual 4 marri ed an albino man nnd a bab y with normal pigmentati on w· i . . . . . Ls I Cce nu to he r. Her husband de ni ed bein g the fath er of th e bab y. Do y ou agr ee to hi s d . ) hri ~, " .. - e n1 al an c1 \\!h ) I ( J n, c,,- k IJ -- Total: 10 mark s 3. The di stribution of blood gro u ps in a certain co un try is represented by th e bar chart below: 50 45 C 40 0 ~ 35 ~ ::I Q. 35 0 Q. .~ 25 Q) 0) 20 Cll - C Q) 15 (.) >-.. Q) 0.. 10 5 0 A 0 AB B Blood group (a) Wilh reference lo the i nfonnat ion given, state the type of variation shown by th e bl ood groups in the population. Explain your answer. ( 2 marks ) ----- - - - --- ilill.,.., .... , .... 116

Exercise - Basic Genetic (b ) A co up le. both belo . ng 111 0 to bl . ::::. ood group 13 ' . ( ') KnO\v in g that the . II ~ . . . gc1ve birth to a g ro up O g ir l. a elc tor bl . lhe ge not , .- ooci group B is I · ._ )' p es ol the couple. Expl· . . , co 111111c111l o ve r llwl l <, r grou p 0 , de du ce <llll your an swers . . - · w,tlwut us 111 g " j.!C llclic dia grnm . (4 11 wr h) ( ii) With the aid of a oenetic dia . b gram, predict th e chance of their second child havi no bl d gro up B. b oo (4 mark s) Total: IO marks ..J. Mrs . Lee g ;i vc birth Lo th ree sons in one pregnanc y. Two of them were identic al twins. The table hclmv li~ts S tl mc cha ra cteristics s hown by the three boys al the age of 10 : { 'h"rac terisfi< Ste ph en Ke nn y Edwin --- Ton~m 1 -r o/li11,: 11hilily able able unabk - ---- II lou d grotl{J 0 0 0 - - I I(! 109 106 IOX -- I --- 150 cm 14~ cm I_') I L'l ll ! I/, tght - 11 7

( a) r: mciso s 1, , ,nrl t f, . I i y ~qlc.:, lnt cn ,vu No . ' . I I ro111 i. 1 "'ng c . . pr() d11 cc < . 11 win ., ,ir i; I )c "t ',h,· \\n W ,d e ll\ t( ,1 . 1 . mation in the table prn vidt, th t . · ,, Wh at 1n or \ . I I ' ho\ 1 ", ·,re th e iu e nu c. al tWlll ~. (2 mar h , Ill) \V)\L) \\ U ; · ' ' ) L ' ' 1drn u: . . . . I ( f continuous variation? Gi ve a r ea so n ( b) Wh ich ol th e above charactens ttc s is / are examp c s) o 2 k ( mar sJ tor yo ur cho i ce,. (c) Both M r. a nd Mr s. L ee have blood group A. Based on the given information, which bl oo d g roup A or O, is th e dominant character? Explain your an swer without uc;;;ino a ~e net ic ) 0 .__, diagr am. (5 mark s) -- -- -- -- - ------------- --- - -------------- - - -· 118

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Exe, ,se - Ba Jc Ganet,cs ( d) II th l' cnupl L' we re tu "" c hi rt li 1 1 1 t- l l , lll t ll l l'I \ 11 1d . \~ ,, ti I \ 11 11 • p1,1h.ihtl1! \ 111 1l11 , l hdd h;1\'lt1g blnod grnup o ·_ , r I 111(/d i I olol . 12 m or k , ~. /1 1ha l as s;1cm ia is an inhcriteJ Ii , A l'I- - l ., c ,:-. c - ccteJ per <., 011 ., cn nnot pr uJuu: fl(lrtrnd h,1, : 111 <,:.:lr,h1 n Thi :- di s casc is co ntrol led by a pa ir of a ll el e<; . The pedigrcr '1c lmv ..,h o w<; the inhcri1crn u.: ol 1 h1 -. di :-ca se in a fa mily: -- 2 3 4 5 9 10 l I 12 Q normal female Q diseased female □ nom1al male D diseased male (a) Deduce , with reasons, whether the allele for~ thalassaemia is dominant or recessive. ( Mark s will not be awarded for genetic diagrams.) ( 5 m ar ks) 119

-f Exercise s · 11 L I ,.-J\e Nole' J" L , . ·ltild. w hc1 l w1 i) e ti c chan ce or . -----:--~;n--; 0 og - 1nte - 1 . , , nnn th ct c lh ~ . " 11 1 1,1 \l ( I I , I X :I l l' b tlll lr 117ork r · du ,1h ' , irn J ( h) " ll!'\1l) '-L ll1l I\ 1 . ,, • I · 11 \, \\ 111 1• 1, 1\ 1, 11. 1 .., :.;; tl' llll ;I . l 11 l ' .- - - . 1 .- ,sion <; 011 c1 r eg ular hc.1 \i\. . ., b loo d t ran s L · " ' 11lil tl C( d l() ! 'C l'C I YC . 1 · '. ( \ ) \ · h ,, in•' I\ tha la .., s ,11.: 1 , . it bl ood t ra ns us10 11 \. / mor kJ (<'I Cl'!' , , ~ . t I w ith lr e qu e1 I t · . assoc rn CL , l , lt \1 ha z ard t w is ' "' . r' ' 11,c one \La ( I mar kJ . for thi s di se a se . I ii I S ug~e~ t one per mane nt cu 1e I d o-roup B respectiv el y. Is it p oss ib le bl d oroup AB and b oo o ( d) The co upl e 3 and 4 be long to 00 0 ( 3 mark s J d Q ? Explain your answer. that in di v idu al 10 belongs to b\oo g roup · Total: 11 marks 6. Human blood gro up s a nd respon se to colour vision are discrete characters that are inherited fr om parents to children. The following table s hows the inheritance of blood groups and colour res pon se of a family : Mr . & Mrs . Chan; their two twin daughters, Alice and Betty; and their two tw in s on s, Andy and Ja cky. Me mber of the.family Blood group Colour response Mr . Chan AB normal Mr s. Chan 0 normal A li ce B normal Be tt y B normal A nd y A no rm al Ja ck y B co lou rblind '== 1 20

Exercise - Basic Genetic (a) E.\ptiin lhc follow in g f' acls bas in g on your k no w led ge aboul !h e inhcrilancc of human blood ~rn 11 p a nd colour response. Gcnc li c diag ram s wi ll not b e.: acccr lcd. (i) The twin g irl s ha ve th e s arn c inherited d1 ,1n1clcri s li cs whcrl';, .., lh c.: I w in h oy.., do not. (4mork\J ( ii ) None of the children have the same blood group as their parents. 1 Oloul . response whereas Jacky is colourblind. ( iii) Andy has norma c (4 marks) (4 mark s) 1 21

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

N t r1nd Exercises N:;~ B oitiay - Intensive o es c . . , . , nnth cr c hil d. calcul at e th e probabi li ty ()[ the ( b) If l\lr & M ,. , . Ch an '" °'' ~ ""' ~ I,, \, , 11 c ., Ill g 11 " ': birt h tu a h h,n d bni up f \. c1) 1ln11h l irnl li oy. (2 n1q, -~ - -- - (Total: J 4 mar k 1, / A I R d ' 7. ABO b lo od gro up s in hum ans are under th e co nt ro l of 3 a ll eles , , an 1: any t wo of the ,,: can occur t oge th er in an indi vidual. A baby h as bl ood group B. hi s mother has blood group -l , hi s paternal gra ndfather ha s blood group A, and hi s paternal grandmother has bl oo d group B Detem1ine the ge not ype of the baby and the po ss ible genotypes of th e bab y"s father. Use symbol , as above to s ho w ho w yo u an-i ve d at your conclusions. (6 mark s, 1 22

Exercise - Basic Geneti cs -~~~- "I Tlic pedig ree ti ell1w shows the inhe rit an ce (l j' G( 1 ") 1 ) I · . . S. . l I d 1c 1 1· n cy 1 11 ;1 1;1 1111 1\. 11 j .., ;1 di ..,c t1 "c cau ..,cd b) n n: ce~ s1 vc a li ck 0 11 I he X L 'hrn 111 11 ._u 11 ,~ ,. - 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Ke y: Q norm al female D normal male Q fe male with G6 PD de fic iency D mal e w ith G6 PD deficiency (a) State the genotypes of individuals 2, 6 a nd l l . (X 0 represents the X chromosome with dominant a lJ ele while X ' represents th e X chromos om e w ith recessi ve a ll ele.) ( 3 marks) (b) What are the possible genotypes of indiv idu al 5? Wh at is th e chance that she is carrying the a ll ele fo r th e di sease? ( 2 111 arks) (c) 1f indi v id u al 8 is going to g iv e birth to a boy, what is the chance that th is boy has the d . ( I //] Cl /" I.··) 1 se as e? "' ., Total: 6 marks 123 '==-:J

--· Intensive Notes Jn<1 t.,,;:, L ,..,._ .. , 9. Bc\"ccn 1~50 a nd \8'1 3. Grc~o r Me nd el s tudi ed th e inh c ri1 , 111 cc of" numb er pc,1 pl ant,. Fnr e ach 1rai1 . he fir st cr oss -pullinat c<l pur e- br ee din g v ari c ti c, 1 1 '' 1 lr<1q 1 . . . _ ' plant, ,, , ,· ,1n1 r ,i<l In~ charac rcf' 1,, prodilc"l ' 1h c fir st ge ne ral 1011 (i' 1 I. H c th en a 11 owed th e I' 1 1 hat h· . . . , 1y hrid , " 1 1 .rnd , c\1 -pnl\rnill( w 1wd11, ·c 1h c ,cco nd ,, ,,n ,· ratmn (I ', ). 10 "r( . t- . C ' " ,, n the rL·" ul\ , for 1h c see d trait s tl1c1I Mc nJ cl ~ ,ucJi cd: - Trait\ ..;tudied Pnrc11tal characters F1 F 2 -····-- -· ·- S h, 1p ,' of :-.--:cd Round x Wrink led A ll round 5474 round : 185() w rin! - ~ - A ll ye ll ow 6022 ye l lo w : 200 I g r~ Cl1 h 1ur nf s;ccd Yellow X Green - (a l ln p rc-i\lendelian tim es. the Blending Theor y, w hich asserted th at in inh er it ance. par e nta l charact er s were mixed in the offsp rin g, was a widespread hypoth et ical model. H ow doc \ l hi~ result in F 1 disprove th e Blending Theory ? (2 mor ki, (b) One of the hy pothe s es propo s ed to explain the result in F 1 is as follows: ~ I ~ 1 24 Th e heredity fa c tor whic h contro ls th e " rec ess ive" character in F 1 has not pass ed to F 1 or has been destroyed during reproduction. Ba sed on the re s ult s in F 2 , explain why this hypothesis is rejected. (2 mark s) ( c) Belo w are the re s ult s of on e of Mendel's dihybrid ex perim e nt s: Trails studied Parental characters F, F2 Share and co lour Round and ye llow X All round and 315 round and ye llo w , of -;cc d Wrinkled and gr ee n ye llow IO I wrinkled and yell ow , l 08 round a nd gr ee n, 32 wr inkled and gr ee n.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Exercise - Basic Genetics H:i sc d 1) 11 Me ndel 's laws or inherit·incc , . 1 . • h . ' · C'< p t1,n t c rcs ull 111 F 2 (5 111 ark s) . ---- -· ·--- - --- -- - - ( d) W hen Mendel proposed his laws of inheritance, chromosomes had not yet been discovered . Suggest how Mendel could have come up with his hypothesis. (3 ma rk s) (e) Give two limitations of Mendel's laws. (2 ,narks ) Total: 14 marks 125 -r:::JJIII' ,i,

20 Basic Genetics Exercises

Related Documents