Cellular Physiology lab report 1

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Name: Brizsay Zermani Date: 09/06/2023 Cellular Physiology Exercise 1.1 Table 1.2 Time (minutes) Temperature ( ̊ F) Heart Rate (beats per minute) Respiration Rate (breaths per minute) 0:00 (Resting) 97.2 ̊ F 60 bpm 16 bpm 2:00 (Warm-up) 97.4 ̊ F 100 bpm 20 bpm 4:00 97.7 F ̊ 76 bpm 21 bpm 6:00 97.6 ̊ F 96 bpm 32 bpm 8:00 97.6 ̊ F 80 bpm 32 bpm 10:00 (2:00 post exercise) 97.6 ̊ F 52 bpm 20 bpm 12:00 (4:00 post exercise) 97.5 ̊ F 52 bpm 18 bpm Question 9 Temperature a. Increase in temperature d. Hypothalamus b. Temperature e. Sweat Glands c. Thermoreceptor f. Decrease in temperature (Sweat) Question 10 Negative feedback is when the response from the control system is in opposition to the stimulus. In this example the control center responds to the stimulus, an increase in temperature due to exercise, by activating the sweat glands to decrease the temperature. This is direct opposition to the stimulus. Therefore, this is an example of negative feedback. 1

Name: Brizsay Zermani Date: 09/06/2023 Question 11 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 96.9 97 97.1 97.2 97.3 97.4 97.5 97.6 97.7 97.8 Temperature over time Time (Minutes) Temperature (Farenheit) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Heart rate over time Time (Minutes) Heart rate (Beats per minute) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Respiration Rate over time Time (Minutes) Respiration Rate (Breaths per minute) 2

Name: Brizsay Zermani Date: 09/06/2023 Exercise 1.2 Question 8 Through observation, the purple color increases in intensity as the percentage of starch increases. The purple color is due to the starch having contact with the iodine solution. This means there was a flow of the iodine solution into the dialysis bag. We can then conclude that the iodine solution is hypotonic to the starch solution. The 0.01% starch solution is hypertonic compared to the 0.1% starch solution, which is hypertonic to the 1% starch solution. This could also be said by the 0.01% starch solution is hypotonic to the 0.1% solution, which is hypotonic to the 1% starch solution. The 1% starch solution is the solution that exerts the highest osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure is influenced by our nonpenetrating solute. Our starch solution is our nonpenetrating solute. Therefore, we know that the 1% starch solution has the highest osmotic pressure because it is the darkest color purple of the three. This means it pulled the most iodine solution, shown by the darkness in color, compared to the other two starch solutions. Question 9 The membrane is permeable to our iodine solution. We know this because our solution turned purple meaning the iodine had to into the bag, meaning the membrane is permeable to iodine. Question 10 If the liquids were reversed, meaning the dialysis bag being filled with the iodine solution and the beaker was filled with the starch solution, the lab would have different results. In this experiment, with the starch being in the dialysis bag, we discovered the starch solution a nonpenetrating solute. Therefore, if the liquids were switched, the starch solution being in the beaker while the iodine solution being in the dialysis bag, the Iodine would leave the dialysis bag. This would result in the dialysis bag undergoing crenation. Exercise 1.3 Question 1 We know that the saline solution is hypertonic to blood because the nurse is using it to maintain the blood pressure of the patient. For the saline solution to do this, it would have to do something similar to constricting the blood vessels or pumping more blood. The saline solution being hypertonic, osmosis will 3

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Name: Brizsay Zermani Date: 09/06/2023 cause the water to move out of the blood cells. For the saline solution to be isotonic with ourselves we would need 0.9% saline, or physiological saline. If the patient were to receive 9% saline, the blood cells would likely undergo crenation. The higher the saline solution the more water that would need to go from the blood cell to the solution to create equilibrium. However, if the patient were to receive 0.09% saline solution, there would not be as much water leaving the blood cell to create equilibrium. This would likely result in the inability to maintain the patient’s blood pressure. 4

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