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Jan 9, 2024
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People & Gods
Agamemno
n
From what place in Greece does he depart for Troy? Which god did he have to
appease to be able to depart for Troy? What does he do during the Trojan War
that makes Achilles want to kill him? Which Trojan prisoner does he bring
back home with him?
-Aulis, a port in Boeotia greece
-he has to appease Artemis
-he took Achilles war prize a girl named Briseis
-he brought back Chryseis a trojan priestess
Philoctetes
Why do the Greeks come back for him during the Trojan War?
-
Philoctetes’ unique connection to Heracles’ bow and his
indispensable archery abilities compelled the Greeks to seek
him out during the Trojan War.
Chryses
Which god does he serve?
-he serves Apollo
Hera
How does she distract Zeus from the Trojan War in Book 14 of the
Iliad
?
Priam
Who is he? Where does he rule as king? Which god comes to guide him in
Book 24 of the
Iliad
?
-he is the king of Troy
-Hermes comes to guide Priam
Achilles
What kind of sexual activity does Aeschylus describe him partaking in? How
does he die?
-he was struck in his achilles heel his only
vulnerable
spot by an arrow
Hector
Who kills him?
-
Achilles kills him in one on one combat during the trojan war.
Orestes
Why is he chased by the Erinyes (a.k.a. the Furies)? Who does he marry,
and
who was that woman’s second husband?
-he was chased because he killed his own mother Clytemnestra
-he marries his first cousin Hermione
Odysseus
Which gods delay Odysseus’ homecoming? Which god disguises him as a
beggar? Which member of the Phaeacian royal family does Odysseus need to
impress the most? Who is the mother of his son Telegonos? Why does he listen
to the Sirens? Which god’s cattle do his men slaughter? What does Odysseus’
oar need to be mistaken for in order for him to be able to return home?
-poseidon plays a big role in the delay of odysseus’ homecoming
-Athena disguises him as a beggar
-he must impress princess Nausicaa. Her favor is crucial for Odysseus to get
home.
-the mother of his son is Cire
-he was curious and thought he could prove to be better than the mortals and
resist the sirens.
-they slaughtered the sacred cattle of Helios
-his oar needed to be mistaken for a winnowing shovel
Telemachus
Who is he often compared to in the
Odyssey
? What place does he visit first in
Book 3 of the
Odyssey
, and who rules there? Who travels with him from that
place to Sparta?
-he gets often compared to his father odysseus
-he visits Pylos where king Nestor rules
-Pisistratus son of Nestor travels with him to Sparta
Helen
What ingredient does she add to the wine in Book 4 of the
Odyssey
? What
effect does it have? What land does she get the ingredient from, and where else
in Book 4 is that land mentioned? What does she do when inspecting the
Trojan Horse?
-she drugged the wine with a herb that makes men forget their sorrows
-she gets and learns about the herbs in Egypt
-
The land of Egypt is mentioned earlier in the same book when Menelaus
recounts his eight years of travels.
-she suspected the greeks plot
Kassandra
Which Greek hero violates her while she is clutching a statue of Athena? Who
takes her away from Troy as a slave?
-Ajax the lesser
-
Agamemnon takes her away from troy as a slave
Proteus
Who is his father?
-Poseidon
Polyphemus
Who is his father? How does Odysseus escape his cave? Who is he in love
with?
-poseidon
-
He gets Polyphemus
drunk on wine
and then
blinds him
with a sharpened,
heated stake.
The next morning, Odysseus and his men escape by
clinging to
the bellies of the monster’s sheep
as they go out to graz
e
-He is in love with Galatea
Penelope
How does Penelope hold off her suitors for several years? What do the 20
geese in her dream represent? What do contestants for Penelope’s hand in
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marriage have to do in order to be(come) her husband? What does Pseudo-
Theocritus refer to her as?
-
She weaves a burial shroud for her father-in-law, Laertes,
promising to choose a new husband once it is complete.
However, she secretly unravels her work each night, thus
prolonging the task indefinitely.
-the geese represent the 20 years of odysseus absence
-to win her hand in marriage, they must string Odysseus’s bow
and shoot an arrow through the holes of
twelve axes
set in a
line.
-refers to her as “the weaver of the Wiles”
Pan
What does Servius have to say about his paternity?
-
He claims that he is the son of Inachus, the river god, and
Ocrisia, a mortal woman.
Comatas
Where was he imprisoned? Which animal, referred to as “child of the bull” by
Pseudo-Theocritus, fed Comatas?
-
Comatas was imprisoned in the
Labyrinth
on the island of
Crete
.
-the animal was the minotaur
Zeus
Who is Pseudo-Theocritus referring to when he mentions the “nurse of him
whose place a stone took”?
-Dionysus
Miscellaneous Topics
The
Iliad
What is the first word of the epic (in both your Lombardo translation and the
original ancient Greek)? What event takes place at the end of the
Iliad
?
-Rage
-
it concludes with Priam, the king of Troy, ransoming his son
Hector’s body from Achilles.
Nostos
What does it mean? What English word comes from it?
-an epic heroes return home
-english word nostalgia
The
Odyssey
What does the first word of the ancient Greek
text mean (
not
the first word
in the English translation by Lombardo)?
-
epic journey and adventures of the hero Odysseus,
-(man or hero)
krater
What is it, and what was it used for?
-
was a large, two-handled vase in Ancient Greek pottery and
metalwork
- Used for diluting wine with water during social gatherings
or feasts
The Sperlonga
Grotto
What is it, and who built it?
-
archaeological site located on the coast between Rome and Naples, in
Italy.
-
Emperor Tiberius
The Death of
Odysseus
How do Aeschylus, Ptolemy Chennos, and Servius appear to confirm that
Tiresias’ prophesy should be interpreted as meaning that Odysseus’ death
will come from the sea?
-t
he sea emerges as both savior and executioner—a paradox
that binds Odysseus’s destiny
syrinx
What kind of musical instrument is it?
-pan flute or panpipes
kerastas
What does this Greek adjective mean? (You’ll learn about the meaning of
this adjective during our December 5 meeting.)
-clean, clear, or pure
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