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Texas A&M University *

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Anthropology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Table 1: The times of first appearance (FAD) and last appearance (LAD) for some groups of dinosaurs. Use this chart to answer the questions below. Group Earliest Geologic Period Earliest Geologic Age FAD (Ma) Latest Geologic Period Latest Geologic Age LAD (Ma) Stegosauria Jurassic Callovian 166 Cretaceous Coniacian 86 Ornithopoda Jurassic Sinemurian 199 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Ankylosauria Jurassic Callovian 166 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Ceratopsia Jurassic Tithonian 152 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Pachycephalosauria Jurassic Tithonian 152 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Sauropoda Triassic Carnian 237 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Theropoda Triassic Landianian 242 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Utahraptor (genus) Cretaceous Hautervian 130 Cretaceous Barremian 125 Tyrannosaurus (genus) Cretaceous Maastrichtian 68 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Triceratops (genus) Cretaceous Maastrichtian 68 Cretaceous Maastrichtian 66 Iguanodon (genus) Cretaceous Barremian 126 Cretaceous Aptian 122 1. If you found a deposit containing specimens of BOTH Stegosauria and Ornithopoda, what is the potential age range (maximum and minimum age in millions of years, Ma) of that deposit? 166-86 2. If you found a deposit containing specimens of Pachycephalosauria AND Sauropoda, what is the oldest possible age (in millions of years) of that deposit? 152 3. If you found both Utahraptor and Iguandon in the same deposit, what is the potential age range (maximum and minimum age, in millions of years) of that deposit? 126ma-125ma 4. In a popular film, Utahraptor and Tyrannosaurus have a scene together. Would this have been possible in the real world? Provide your evidence and explain your reasoning. No, because the times in which both species were alive do not intersect. 5. In an even older popular animated film, Triceratops co-stars with a sauropod. Would this have been possible in the real world? Provide your evidence and explain your reasoning.
Yes, because both species were alive from 68ma to 66ma. 6. Why might we use genera in biostratigraphy rather than broader taxonomic groups? Genera is used in biostratigraphy because it is the most accurate way to determine the age of a rock. With genera being as specific as it is, it allows us to study closely related groups and at what times they existed. This along with sedimentary rocks allows us to completely understand the date in which both are from. 7. Did all non-avian dinosaur groups go extinct at the Maastrichtian? Which went extinct before the Maastrichtian? No, the Iguanodon, Stegosauria, and Utahraptor, all went extinct before the Maastrichtian Era.
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