Understanding Cultural Diversity in Crisis Situations

ATH 101 Prompt B Milestone Two In this outline, you will begin to determine how you will answer the interview questions for Final Project Part B (Interview Transcript or Recording). You must include a list of the references you are thinking of using for your final submission. You picked a crisis situation in Milestone One, and now you are ready to begin thinking about the reporter’s questions. For each of the reporter’s questions below, write your answer in full sentences. You should aim to address each critical element listed below in at least two sentences each. Write your answer directly beneath the reporter’s question. Please do not reiterate the example below in your answer. Interview Transcript or Recording Outline I. Cultural Diversity : In this section, you will explain the importance of understanding and being sensitive to cultural diversity. A. Reporter : What is so important that we understand cultural diversity in a time like this? Who cares if we’re all different? What does it matter anyway? 1. Your Response : When people think of caregivers for a family of children or elderly, women are assumed to be the primary gender associated with the role.  Recognizing the importance of cultural diversity enables us to expand our knowledge on human interaction and demeanor. When in a state of crisis, we’ll be prepared for challenges and

concerns of consternation, having possible solutions to avoid further dilemmas. We’ll also have an idea of how to repair or rebuild what’s been damaged, and create a stronger foundation. Here is an example I found of human sociocultural identity and gender: in Nepal and India, 84% of family caregivers are women, which is expected to increase. Young women have less time for education and social activities due to caregiving responsibilities (Patril, 2018). 2. Your Response : An example of human sociocultural identity related to human behavior is the country’s growing premonitions of police officers displaying acts of racial attacks. In general, white police officers are being categorized as racist towards African Americans in response to the current views on authority figures and their behaviors. Officers concerned with being viewed as racist, show a reduced confidence in their moral authority, and feel obligated to react with less impact (Sliwa, 2019). 3. Your Response : An example of human sociocultural identity related to animals is when we think of dogs, we view them as companions. Dogs were the first domesticated animal, even prior to livestock (Yong, 2021). B. Reporter : Human culture might seem more complex than I initially imagined, so how does it relate to the crisis we’ve witnessed here?

1. Your Response : When a crisis is at hand, anthropologists can produce the connection between the cause and reaction. By developing an understanding of how and why a crisis like coal’s deadly dust came to be, the origins and advocators need to be assessed. Anthropologists acknowledge that mining as a general practice is destroying the earth, but can also show the present and potential impact on humans. They can provide alternatives and effective solutions to mining, in hopes that stakeholders will choose a safer result in the ill effects caused during the excavation process (Golub, 2020). By supplying these alternatives to the public, they give aspiration to administrators in continuing their growth while providing deliberation and concern for risks imposed. The concern for both sides of the crisis are able to be addressed, while potentially inclination towards a productive and economical result is had. II. Anthropological Methods : In this section, you will speak as though you are an anthropologist investigating the crisis. You will describe the anthropological methods you would need to use to investigate the crisis, and explain how you believe people would react to you investigating the crisis. A. Reporter : Alright, can you explain to the audience how you came to this conclusion? 1. Your Response : Mining has served as a predominant source of tools for the past 40,000 years, and as a source of power during the turn of the century. The operation of coal has had various downfalls since the

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beginning, hazards of the job itself, or the consequences following time spent in the industry. The most recent concern in the rise of deaths and sickness in regard to coal’s deadly dust has shown that excavation would be the most beneficial method to finding what has caused such an increase in the severity of black lung and death among the mining industry in the last decade. Differentiation between areas with greater amounts of toxin will show a link to risks and hazards already afflicted in communities. Higher concentrations in defined locations will also relay how the affects have been addressed and if there has been a cause for concern that has gone unheard. B. Reporter : How did these people let you study them? Why did they let you? You most likely upset them, right? 1. Your Response : Reactions are obviously very opposed between the miners themselves dealing with the distress of the issue, and the businesses and industry searching for a means of profit. Workers have always had acknowledged a danger in the field of work, but never to the extent of what was actually at stake. They want some type of affirmation as to what has been happening and some form of disclosure on why their lives were jeopardized. Industries are trying to remain intact and compensate the acute accusations of the quandary being question. They’ll typically be prepared in some form, and be in the process of finding some form of repartition. However, when Dr. Brandon Crum confronted NIOSH with the concern in numbers of

affected individuals, they were uninterested in claiming misconduct (PBSfrontline, 2021). The WCA continues to implement modern safety measures for the mining industry, admitting that zero-harm coal mining is improbable (WCA, 2021). Instead they focus on effective solutions to avoid potential harm, ongoing education. 2. Your Response : Anthropologists must be cautious of ensuring they don’t disrupt the natural state of a culture’s beliefs and position in society. If the work administered and the study itself alters any factor administered through the culture, the findings would be displaced and could lead to inaccurate results. By allowing the unrefined nature of the topic at hand, people are more likely to feel recognized and a sense of support in their cultural welfare. III. Cultural Connections : In this section, you will make connections between cultural factors and the likelihood of the crisis occurring in your own culture. If the crisis has already occurred in your own culture, explain how the specific cultural, biological, or environmental factors allowed this to occur. A. Reporter : Do you think this crisis could happen here, to us? 1. Your Response : We live in a world of continual growth and innovation. Although the first-hand impact of the coal crisis is limited to areas where the mining is taken place, the aftermath impacts everyone. Citizens in the U.S. use coal for 30% of their powered source (UCS, 2017). When people are not willing to make an effort to change their resources, they are only contributing to the crisis. We are all advocates

in maintaining our own health and that of our surroundings. We’ve come a step closer, working on the closure of coal power plants, but this in turn is costing jobs and money for some. We’re creating a culture that pushes the limits to the edge of destruction before we’re willing to find a solution. 2. Your Response : Initially we we’re seeing miners over the age of 50 presenting health issues within the coal industry, but now we’re seeing much younger members with more severe effects (PBSfrontline, 2021). We’re at the age where our families are working in these environments, and exposed to toxins. Without another means of work, poverty is a possible outcome, weighing heavily on nutritional requirements. Those with underlying health conditions such as respiratory problems are prone to the adverse effects of the environment. In a time when another crisis is at hand, such as COVID, the impact is more than doubled. 3. Your Response : We’re already seeing the adverse effects of the coal industry. Water contamination, land deterioration, air toxins, and the hazards toward people and wildlife. If the industry is not forced to find efficient alternatives to coal’s production, we will be struggling in with safe environments for living. With an abundance of the material left in our grasp, it’s an easy allurement for industries to access. IV. Predictions : In this section, you will explain how an anthropological perspective can assist in future crises.

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A. Reporter : Do you think there is anything that could have informed these people of the crisis? I would hate to think that this could have been recognized and prevented earlier. 1. Your Response : By observing people’s past, we can understand how they interacted as a society and the changes that have positively and negatively affected their environment today. Anthropologists can look at patterns of behavior and activity to understand what influenced their actions and possibly highlight proactive alternatives. Climate change has only become recognized as a present issue by understanding how the land masses have changed due to human’s technological and environmental impacts which were initially a means of survival as in agricultural practices and transportation. Releasing carbon emissions has created air pollution and rising temperatures today. Margaret Mead’s work in discovering that gender roles are influenced by society rather than biological composition has provided the recognition of gender equality and identity. B. Reporter : Now, I can bet there are people at home that are scared. So, how can you as an anthropologist help in preventing this crisis from happening to us? 1. Your Response : It’s important to clarify a starting point, we need to understand how the act came to be an issue and how we’ve contributed as a society. By acknowledging who is primarily affected and the depth of the event, we can focus on specific cultural groups to target the root of the problems. Some people may be submissive on the

issue, showing them the impact on neighboring communities and the continuing movement into their own community will present a greater awareness. Sometimes feelings of dismay are what is necessary to influence people, it can bond a society and create a focal point on the changes they need to make. Cultural sensitivity is crucial when approaching situations of crisis, because we want to connect with everyone on hand, anyone feeling excluded leaves a window for the problem to worsen. C. Reporter : Finally, do you still enjoy being an anthropologist throughout this apparent chaos? I mean, how has being an anthropologist helped you out personally? 1. Your Response : Anthropology has provided a better understanding of my own behavior and interactions with others. By looking at the world through various perspectives and understanding why boundaries exist, we are able to build on our current civilization and grow as a species. For myself personally, anthropology has provided a sense of enlightenment of what’s really out there in world, and the ambition to expand on my knowledge of surroundings. Exposure to different societies and cultures can strengthen my own contribution to the field, as well as my colleagues.

References Golub, A. (2020, November 12). Mining . Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology. Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://www.anthroencyclopedia.com/entry/mining Patil, A. (2018, March 28). Why caregiving needs to be 'de-feminized' . White Swan Foundation. Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://www.whiteswanfoundation.org/caregiving/how-the-role-of-caring-disproportion- ately-burdens-women#:~:text=If%20a%20member%20of%20a%20family%20becomes %20ill,number%20to%20rise%20to%20as%20much%20as%2090%25. PBSfrontline. (2021, April 20). Coal's deadly dust (full documentary) | frontline . YouTube. Retrieved November 10, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=650dKRmc0Nk Sliwa, J. (2019, July 15). "racist police officer" stereotype may become a self-fulfilling prophecy . American Psychological Association. Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2019/07/racist-police-officer UCS. (2017, November 15). Coal power impacts . Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved No- vember 23, 2022, from https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/coal-power-impacts WCA. (2021, September 23). Responsible coal principles . World Coal Association. Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://www.worldcoal.org/wca-commitment/wca-responsible- coal-principles/

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Yong, E. (2021, June 16). A new origin story for dogs . The Atlantic. Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/06/the-origin-of- dogs/484976/

ATH 101 Part B Milestone Two

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