biol 352 activity #4_ evolution of lactose intolerance in humans

GRADE: 5/5 a. Which of the positions ( C / T − 13910 or G / A − 22018 ) is 100% associated with lactase persistence? C / T − 13910 is associated with lactase persistence. b. From this data at this position, which genotype(s) are associated with lactose tolerance /lactase persistence ? At this position, the genotypes that are associated with lactose tolerance/persistence are CT and TT. c. From the data at this position, which genotype(s) are associated with lactose intolerance /lactase non-persistence ? At this position, the genotype that is associated with lactose intolerance/non-persistence is CC. d. How associated is the other variant ( C / T − 13910 or G / A − 22018 ) with lactase persistence? (number of non-consistent findings divided by the total number of samples x 100, subtracted from 100%). 3.06% of the other variant ( G / A − 22018 ) is associated with lactase persistence e. What is the χ 2 value? The χ 2 value for Kenyans is 21.36372 The χ 2 value for Tanzanians is 21.43042 The χ 2 value for Afro-asiatic Kenyans is 6.144447 f. What is the probability that the null hypothesis is true? Kenyans - The probability that the null hypothesis is true is less than 0.005 Tanzanians - The probability that the null hypothesis is true is less than 0.005 Afro-asiatic Kenyans - The probability that the null hypothesis is true is between 0.25 and 0.05. g. Does this mean that the result is statistically significant? Kenyans - Since the value is greater than our critical value, we reject the null which tells us that the result may be statistically significant. Tanzanians - Since the value is greater than our critical value, we reject the null which tells us that the result may be statistically significant. Afro-asiatic Kenyans - Since the value is less than our critical value, we accept the null