16-Patriarchy and Labor

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Anthropology

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Oct 30, 2023

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AP World Review: Video #16: Patriarchy And Labor In Societies (Key Concept 2.2, III, B - D) Everything You Need To Know About Patriarchy And Labor In Societies To Succeed In AP World www.APWorldReview.com

Patriarchy In Societies Often, patriarchy and restrictions on women were more severe in cities Less in pastoral and agricultural communities

Patriarchy In China Yang = masculine Associated with rulers and strength Yin = feminine Associated with weakness and emotion Confucianism reinforced patriarchy 3 obediences To father, to husband, to son Only one woman ruled as empress Empress Wu (690 - 705) Buddhist women saw some rights in monasteries

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Patriarchy In Athens No role in political life Women must be represented by a guardian in court Expected to remain inside the home (similar to China) Poor women worked outside the home, but upper-class women were not expected to Women were expected to produce sons to contribute to Greek society Could not buy or sell land

Patriarchy In Sparta Patriarchy was not as strong as it was in Athens While men fought, women had more control over their households Women could receive an education Participate in sporting events No role in political life

Social Structure Of Empires Empires had hierarchies that included: Cultivators: Work in fields 2/3 of people in Teotihuacan Slaves Often captured in war Smaller portion of population in China - 1% 30-40% of Roman population in Italy All slaves could be murdered based on the actions of one slave -> if they killed the slave owner In India, slaves could purchase freedom Spartacus Rebellion: 73 B.C.E. Rebellion - largest slave rebellion until Haitian in 1790s

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Social Structure Of Empires Empires had hierarchies that included: Artisans: Make pottery, jewelry, and other goods Merchants: Trade goods throughout Afro-Eurasia Negatively viewed in China - did not produce anything Elites: Often owned large amounts of land and had tremendous power

Labor In Societies Governments used different forms of labor Corvee labor: Government labor that is unpaid Qin Shihuangdi used this to build walls and infrastructure Egypt - used to build pyramids, temples, and roads Slavery: Popular in the Roman Empire (previous slide)

Labor In Societies Governments used different forms of labor Rents and tributes China: Saw itself as the “Middle Kingdom” Foreigners would have to kowtow and acknowledge China as superior Provide tributes - products and goods from their country Some nomadic groups (Xiongnu) were given goods to not raid China

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