Module One Practice Problems and Solutions

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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405

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Apr 3, 2024

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ACC-405 Module 1 Practice Problems and Solutions Problem 1. Plantation Homes Company is considering the acquisition of Condominiums, Inc. early in 2020. To assess the amount it might be willing to pay, Plantation Homes makes the following computations and assumptions. Condominiums, Inc. has identifiable assets with a total fair value of $15,000,000 and liabilities of $8,800,000. The assets include office equipment with a fair value approximating book value, buildings with a fair value 30% higher than book value, and land with a fair value 75% higher than book value. The remaining lives of the assets are deemed to be approximately equal to those used by Condominiums, Inc. Condominiums, Inc.'s pretax incomes for the years 2017 through 2019 were $1,200,000, $1,500,000, and $950,000, respectively. Plantation Homes believes that an average of these earnings represents a fair estimate of annual earnings for the indefinite future. However, it may need to consider adjustments to the following items included in pretax earnings: Depreciation on buildings (each year) 960,000 Depreciation on equipment (each year) 50,000 Extraordinary loss (year 2019) 300,000 Sales commissions (each year) 250,000 The normal rate of return on net assets for the industry is 15%. Required: Assume further that Plantation Homes feels that it must earn a 25% return on its investment and that goodwill is determined by capitalizing excess earnings. Based on these assumptions, calculate a reasonable offering price for Condominiums, Inc. Indicate how much of the price consists of goodwill. Ignore tax effects. Assume that Plantation Homes feels that it must earn a 15% return on its investment, but that average excess earnings are to be capitalized for three years only. Based on these assumptions, calculate a reasonable offering price for Condominiums, Inc. Indicate how much of the price consists of goodwill. Ignore tax effects. Solution Part A Normal earnings for similar firms = ($15,000,000 - $8,800,000) x 15% = $930,000 Expected earnings of target: Pretax income of Condominiums, Inc., 2017 $1,200,000 Subtract: Additional depreciation on building ($960,000 30%) (288 ,000) Target’s adjusted earnings, 2017 912,000 Pretax income of Condominiums, Inc., 2018 $1,500,000 Subtract: Additional depreciation on building (288 ,000)
Target’s adjusted earnings, 2018 1,212,000 Pretax income of Condominiums, Inc., 2019 $950,000 Add: Extraordinary loss 300,000 Subtract: Additional depreciation on building (288 ,000) Target’s adjusted earnings, 2019 962 ,000 Target’s three year total adjusted earnings 3,086,000 Target’s three year average adjusted earnings ($3,086,000 3) 1,028,667 Excess earnings of target = $1,028,667 - $930,000 = $98,667 per year $ 98 , 667 25% Present value of excess earnings (perpetuity) at 25%: = $394,668 (Estimated Goodwill) Implied offering price = $15,000,000 – $8,800,000 + $394,668 = $6,594,668. Part B Excess earnings of target (same as in Part A) = $98,667 Present value of excess earnings (ordinary annuity) for three years at 15%: $98,667 2.28323 = $225,279 Implied offering price = $15,000,000 – $8,800,000 + $225,279 = $6,425,279. Note: The sales commissions and depreciation on equipment are expected to continue at the same rate, and thus do not necessitate adjustments. Problem 2 – no sample Problem 3 – no sample Problem 4. Hopkins Company is considering the acquisition of Richfield, Inc. To assess the amount it might be willing to pay, Hopkins makes the following computations and assumptions. A. Richfield, Inc. has identifiable assets with a total fair value of $6,000,000 and liabilities of $3,700,000. The assets include office equipment with a fair value approximating book value, buildings with a fair value 25% higher than book value, and land with a fair value 50% higher than book value. The remaining lives of the assets are deemed to be approximately equal to those used by Richfield, Inc. B. Richfield, Inc.'s pretax incomes for the years 2020 through 2022 were $470,000, $570,000, and $370,000, respectively. Hopkins believes that an average of these earnings represents a fair estimate of annual earnings for the indefinite future. However, it may need to consider adjustments for the following items included in pretax earnings:
Depreciation on Buildings (each year) 380,000 Depreciation on Equipment (each year) 30,000 Extraordinary Loss (year 2022) 130,000 Salary Expense (each year) 170,000 C. The normal rate of return on net assets for the industry is 15%. Required: A. Assume that Hopkins feels that it must earn a 20% return on its investment, and that goodwill is determined by capitalizing excess earnings. Based on these assumptions, calculate a reasonable offering price for Richfield, Inc. Indicate how much of the price consists of goodwill. B. Assume that Hopkins feels that it must earn a 15% return on its investment, but that average excess earnings are to be capitalized for five years only. Based on these assumptions, calculate a reasonable offering price for Richfield, Inc. Indicate how much of the price consists of goodwill. Answer: A. Normal earnings for similar firms = ($6,000,000 - $3,700,000) × 15% = $345,000 Expected earnings of target: Pretax income of Richfield, Inc., 2020 $470,000 Subtract: Additional depreciation on buildings ($380,000 × .25) (95,000) Target's adjusted earnings, 2020 375,000 Pretax income of Richfield, Inc., 2021 $570,000 Subtract: Additional depreciation on buildings (95,000) Target's adjusted earnings, 2021 475,000 Pretax income of Richfield, Inc., 2022 $370,000 Add: Extraordinary loss 130,000 Subtract: Additional depreciation on buildings (95,000) Target's adjusted earnings, 2022 405,000 Target's three year total adjusted earnings 1,255,000 Target's three year average adjusted earnings 418,333 Excess earnings of target = $418,333 – $345,000 = $73,333 per year $73,333 Present value of excess earnings (perpetuity) at 20%: 20% = $366,665 (Estimated Goodwill) Implied offering price = Fair value of assets - Fair value of liabilities + Estimated goodwill Implied offering price = $6,000,000 - $3,700,000 + $366,665 = 2,666,665. B. Excess earnings of target (same as in A): $73,333
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Present value of excess earnings (ordinary annuity) for five years at 15%; $73,333 × 3.35216 = $245,824 Implied offering price = $6,000,000 - $3,700,000 + $245,824 = $2,545,824. Note: The salary expense and depreciation on equipment are expected to continue at the same rate, and thus do not necessitate adjustments. Problem 5. Park Company acquired an 80% interest in the common stock of Southdale Company for $1,540,000 on July 1, 2022. Southdale Company's stockholders' equity on that date consisted of: Common stock $800,000 Other contributed capital 400,000 Retained earnings 330,000 Required: Compute the total noncontrolling interest to be reported in the consolidated balance sheet assuming the: (1) parent company concept. (2) economic unit concept. Answer: 1. Total book value of Southdale's net assets ($800,000 + $400,000 + $330,000) $1,530,000 Noncontrolling interest % × .2 Noncontrolling interest in net assets $306,000 2. Total fair value of Southdale's net assets ($1,540,000/.8) $1,925,000 Noncontrolling interest % × .2 Noncontrolling interest in net assets $385,000 Problem 6. The following balances were taken from the records of S Company: Common stock (1/1/20 and 12/31/20) $720,000 Retained earnings 1/1/20 $160,000 Net income for 2023 180,000 Dividends declared in 2023 (40,000) Retained earnings, 12/31/20 300,000
Total stockholders' equity on 12/31/20 $1,020,000 P Company purchased 75% of S Company's common stock on January 1, 2021 for $900,000. The difference between implied value and book value is attributable to assets with a remaining useful life on January 1, 2023 of ten years. Required: A. Compute the difference between cost/(implied) and book value applying: 1. Parent company theory. 2. Economic unit theory. B. Assuming the economic unit theory: 1. Compute noncontrolling interest in consolidated income for 2023. 2. Compute noncontrolling interest in net assets on December 31, 2023. Answer: A1. Cost of investment $900,000 Equity acquired .75($720,000 + $160,000) 660,000 Difference (parent company theory) $240,000 2. Implied value of S Company ($900,000/.75) $1,200,000 Book value of S Company ($720,000 + $160,000) 880,000 Difference (economic unit theory) $320,000 B1. Noncontrolling interest in consolidated income: .25[$180,000 - ($320,000/10)] $37,000 2. Noncontrolling interest in net assets: .25[$1,020,000 + (9/10 × $320,000)] $327,000 Problem 7. Condensed balance sheets for Phillips Company and Solina Company on January 1, 2018, are as follows: Phillips Solina Current assets $180,000 $ 85,000 Plant and equipment (net) 450,000 140,000 Total assets $630,000 $225,000 Total liabilities $ 95,000 $ 35,000 Common stock, $10 par value 350,000 160,000 Other contributed capital 125,000 53,000 Retained earnings (deficit) 60,000 (23,000) Total liabilities and equities $630,000 $225,000
On January 1, 2018, the stockholders of Phillips and Solina agreed to a consolidation. Because FASB requires that one party be recognized as the acquirer and the other as the acquiree, it was agreed that Phillips was acquiring Solina. Phillips agreed to issue 20,000 shares of its $10 par stock to acquire all the net assets of Solina at a time when the fair value of Phillips' common stock was $15 per share. On the date of consolidation, the fair values of Solina's current assets and liabilities were equal to their book values. The fair value of plant and equipment was, however, $150,000. Phillips will incur $20,000 of direct acquisition costs and $6,000 in stock issue costs. Required: Prepare the journal entries on the books of Phillips to record the acquisition of Solina Company's net assets. Answer Current Assets 85,000 Plant and Equipment 150,000 Goodwill* 100,000 Liabilities 35,000 Common Stock [(20,000 shares @ $10/share)] 200,000 Other Contributed Capital [(20,000($15 – $10))] 100,000 Acquisition Costs Expense 20,000 Cash 20,000 Other Contributed Capital 6,000 Cash 6,000 To record the direct acquisition costs and stock issue costs * Goodwill = Excess of Consideration of $335,000 (stock valued at $300,000 plus debt assumed of $35,000) over Fair Value of Identifiable Assets of $235,000 (total assets of $225,000 plus PPE fair value adjustment of $10,000) Problem 8. Stockholders of Acme Company, Baltic Company, and Colt Company are considering alternative arrangements for a business combination. Balance sheets and the fair values of each company's assets on October 1, 2019, were as follows: Acme Baltic Colt Assets $3,900,000 $7,500,000 $ 950,000 Liabilities $2,030,000 $2,200,000 $ 260,000 Common stock, $20 par value 2,000,000 1,800,000 540,000 Other contributed capital —0— 600,000 190,000
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Retained earnings (deficit) (130,000) 2,900,000 (40,000) Total equities $3,900,000 $7,500,000 $ 950,000 Fair values of assets $4,200,000 $9,000,000 $1,300,000 Acme Company shares have a fair value of $50. A fair (market) price is not available for shares of the other companies because they are closely held. Fair values of liabilities equal book values. Required: Prepare a balance sheet for the business combination. Assume the following: Acme Company acquires all the assets and assumes all the liabilities of Baltic and Colt Companies by issuing in exchange 140,000 shares of its common stock to Baltic Company and 40,000 shares of its common stock to Colt Company. Assume, further, that the acquisition was consummated on October 1, 2019, as described above. However, by the end of 2020, Acme was concerned that the fair values of one or both of the acquired units had deteriorated. To test for impairment, Acme decided to measure goodwill impairment using the present value of future cash flows to estimate the fair value of the reporting units (Baltic and Colt). Acme accumulated the following data: Year 2015 Present Value of Future Cash Flows Carrying Value of Identifiable Net Assets* Fair Value Identifiable Net Assets Baltic $6,500,00 0 $6,340,000 $6,350,000 Colt $1,900,00 0 1,200,000 1,000,000 *Identifiable Net Assets do not include goodwill. Prepare the journal entry, if needed, to record goodwill impairment at December 31, 2020. Use FASB's simplified approach to test for goodwill impairment (assume that the qualitative test is satisfied or bypassed). Answer Acme Company Balance Sheet October 1, 2024 (000) Part A. Assets (except goodwill) ($3,900 + $9,000 + $1,300) $14,200 Goodwill (1) 1 ,160 Total Assets $15 ,360 Liabilities ($2,030 + $2,200 + $260) $4,490 Common Stock (180$20) + $2,000 5,600 Other Contributed Capital (180($50 – $20)) 5,400
Retained Earnings (130 ) Total Liabilities and Equity $15 ,360 (1) Cost (180$50) $9,000 Fair value of net assets acquired: Fair value of assets of Baltic and Colt $10,300 Less liabilities assumed 2,460 7 ,840 Goodwill $1 ,160 Part B. (using the new simplified goodwill impairment rules) Baltic 2025: Step1 : Fair value of the reporting unit $6,500,000 Carrying value of unit : Carrying value of identifiable net assets 6,340,000 Carrying value of goodwill 200,000* Total carrying value 6,540,000 Excess of carrying value over fair value 40,000 *[(140,000 x $50) – ($9,000,000 – $2,200,000)] The excess of carrying value over fair value means goodwill is impaired. The amount of goodwill impairment is the lower of: Recorded value of goodwill 200,000 Excess of carrying value over fair value $ 40,000 For 2025, Baltic would impair goodwill of $40,000 Colt 2025: Step1 : Fair value of the reporting unit $1,900,000 Carrying value of unit : Carrying value of identifiable net assets $1,200,000 Carrying value of goodwill 960,000* Total carrying value 2,160,000 Excess of carrying value over fair value 260,000 *[(40,000 x $50) – ($1,300,000 – $260,000)] The excess of carrying value over fair value means goodwill is impaired. The amount of goodwill impairment is the lower of: Recorded value of goodwill 960,000 Excess of carrying value over fair value 260,000 For 2025, Colt would impair goodwill of $260,000 Total impairment loss is $300,000.
Journal entry: Impairment Loss $300,000 Goodwill $300,000 Problem 9. On January 1, 2019, Perez Company acquired all the assets and assumed all the liabilities of Stalton Company and merged Stalton into Perez. In exchange for the net assets of Stalton, Perez gave its bonds payable with a maturity value of $600,000, a stated interest rate of 10%, interest payable semiannually on June 30 and December 31, a maturity date of January 1, 2029, and a yield rate of 12%. Balance sheets for Perez and Stalton (as well as fair value data) on January 1, 2019, were as follows: Perez Stalton Book Value Book Value Fair Value Cash $ 250,000 $114,000 $114,000 Receivables 352,700 150,000 135,000 Inventories 848,300 232,000 310,000 Land 700,000 100,000 315,000 Buildings 950,000 410,000 54,900 Accumulated depreciation —buildings (325,0 00) $ (170,500) Equipment 262,750 136,450 39,450 Accumulated depreciation —equipment (70,050) (90,450) Total assets $2,968,700 $881,500 $968,350 Current liabilities $ 292,700 $ 95,300 $95,300 Bonds payable, 8% due 1/1/2024, Interest payable 6/30 and 12/31 300,000 260,000 Common stock, $15 par value 1,200,000 Common stock, $5 par value 236,500 Other contributed capital 950,000 170,000 Retained earnings 526,000 79,700 Total equities $2,968,700 $881,500 Required: Prepare the journal entry on the books of Perez Company to record the acquisition of Stalton Company's assets and liabilities in exchange for the bonds. Answer:
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Present value of maturity value, 20 periods @ 6%: 0.3118$600,000 = $187,080 Present value of interest annuity, 20 periods @ 6%: 11.46992$30,000 = 344 ,098 Total Present value 531,178 Par value 600 ,000 Discount on bonds payable $68 ,822 Cash 114,000 Accounts Receivable 135,000 Inventory 310,000 Land 315,000 Buildings 54,900 Equipment 39,450 Bond Discount ($40,000 + $68,822) 108,822 Current Liabilities 95,300 Bonds Payable ($300,000 + $600,000) 900,000 Gain on Purchase of Business 81,872 Computation of Excess of Net Assets Received Over Cost Cost (Purchase Price) ($531,178 plus liabilities assumed of $95,300 and $260,000) $886,478 Less: Total fair value of assets received $968 ,350 Excess of fair value of net assets over cost $ 81,872 ) Problem 10. Pham Company acquired the assets (except for cash) and assumed the liabilities of Senn Company on January 1, 2019, paying $720,000 cash. Senn Company's December 31, 2018, balance sheet, reflecting both book values and fair values, showed: Book Value Fair Value Accounts receivable (net) $ 72,000 $ 65,000 Inventory 86,000 99,000 Land 110,000 162,000 Buildings (net) 369,000 450,000 Equipment (net) 237,000 288,000 Total $874,000 $1,064,000 Accounts payable $ 83,000 $ 83,000 Note payable 180,000 180,000 Common stock, $2 par value 153,000 Other contributed capital 229,000
Retained earnings 229,000 Total $874,000 As part of the negotiations, Pham Company agreed to pay the former stockholders of Senn Company $200,000 cash if the postcombination earnings of the combined company (Pham) reached certain levels during 2019 and 2020. The fair value of contingent consideration was estimated to be $100,000 on the date of acquisition. Required: Record the journal entry on the books of Pham Company to record the acquisition on January 1, 2019. During 2019, the likelihood of meeting the post combination earnings goal increased. As a result, at the end of 2019, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration increased to $120,000. Prepare any journal entry needed to account for the change in the fair value of contingent consideration. During 2020, the likelihood of meeting the post combination earnings goal significantly decreased and the contingent consideration target was not met. Prepare any journal entry needed to account for the change in the fair value of contingent consideration. Answer Part A January 1, 2024 Accounts Receivable 72,000 Inventory 99,000 Land 162,000 Buildings 450,000 Equipment 288,000 Goodwill* 19,000 Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts 7,000 Accounts Payable 83,000 Note Payable 180,000 Cash 720,000 Liability for Contingent Consideration 100,000 *Computation of Goodwill Consideration paid ($720,000 + $100,000) $820,000 Total fair value of net assets acquired ($1,064,000 - $263,000) 801,000 Goodwill $ 19,000 Part B January 2, 2024 Loss on Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration 20,000 Liability for Contingent Consideration 20,000 Part C January 2, 2025
Liability for Contingent Consideration 120,000 Gain from Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration 120,000 Problem 11. Maplewood Corporation purchased the net assets of West Corporation on January 2, 2020 for $560,000 and also paid $20,000 in direct acquisition costs. West’s balance sheet on January 1, 2020 was as follows: Accounts receivable-net $ 180,000 Current liabilities $ 70,000 Inventory 360,000 Long term debt 160,000 Land 40,000 Common stock ($1 par) 20,000 Building-net 60,000 Paid-in capital 430,000 Equipment-net 80,000 Retained earnings 40,000 Total assets $720,000 Total liab. & equity $ 720,000 Fair values agree with book values except for inventory, land, and equipment, which have fair values of $400,000, $50,000 and $70,000, respectively. West has patent rights valued at $20,000. Required: A. Prepare Maplewood’s general journal entry for the cash purchase of West’s net assets. B. Assume Maplewood Corporation purchased the net assets of West Corporation for $500,000 rather than $560,000, prepare the general journal entry. Answer: Accounts Receivable 180,000 Inventory 400,000 Land 50,000 Building 60,000 Equipment 70,000 Patent 20,000 Goodwill 10,000 Acquisition Expense 20,000 Current Liabilities 70,000 Long-term Debt 160,000 Cash 580,000 B. Acquisition Expense 20,000 Accounts Receivable 180,000
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Inventory 400,000 Land 50,000 Building 60,000 Equipment 70,000 Patent 20,000 Current Liabilities 70,000 Long-term Debt 160,000 Cash 520,000 Gain on Acquisition 50,000