CJ 407 4-1 Project One

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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407

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Accounting

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Feb 20, 2024

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PROJECT ONE SABRINA GOODRIDGE CJ 407 4-1 PROJECT ONE JANUARY 31, 2024

ARRANGE IN THEIR CORRECT ORDER THE NECESSARY DATA PREPARATION STEPS THAT WOULD NORMALLY TAKE PLACE BEFORE ANALYSIS. THE FOLLOWING ARE OUT-OF-ORDER STEPS, PLEASE LIST THEM IN THE CORRECT ORDER ON YOUR SLIDE : • A. Screen data to determine if it has what is needed and is prepared correctly to be used for analysis in terms of sociodemographic, temporal, spatial, and spatiotemporal information. • B. Classify data by necessary and unnecessary variables • C. Identify variables that need to be used. • D. Remove variables not necessary for analyses. • E. Relabel variables necessary for analysis.

CONDUCT A SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS WITH APPROPRIATE METHODS FOR DRUG POSSESSION AND DISTRIBUTION CASES.

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ALL FOUR DRUG POSSESSION CASES From the pivot chart above I can conclude that from the four time of drug possessions many of them are possessions of marijuana in college, high school, and middle school. The second highest drug possession is possession of fentanyl in college, high school, and middle school. I can also see that in high school possession of fentanyl and methamphetamine are even. It also shows that all four drug possessions are high among high school and middle school then they are in college. Drug possessions of methamphetamines is the third highest in high school and middle schools and possession of cocaine is the fourth highest in high school and middle schools.

ALL FOUR DRUG POSSESSION CASE HOMELESS (YES) From the pivot chart I can tell that most of the possessions of marijuana cases are homeless people in college, high school, and middle schools. The second highest drug possession is fentanyl among the homeless people in college, high school, and middle schools. I see that drug possession of methamphetamine among homeless people are only in high schools and middle schools whereas college homeless only have two crime types.

ALL FOUR DRUG POSSESSIONS FOR HOMELESS (NO) From this pivot chart for all four drug possessions, I can see that people who are not homeless in high school and middle school have had possession of all four drug types whereas college only has possession of one drug type. The highest drug possession is marijuana in both high school and middle school. The second highest drug possession is methamphetamines in high school and possession of fentanyl is the second highest in middle schools. The third highest in high school is possession of fentanyl and in middle school it is methamphetamines. The fourth highest in both middle schools and high schools is possession of cocaine. The only drug

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ALL FOUR DRUG DISTRIBUTION CASES In this pivot chart I can see that the four drug distribution cases are much higher in high school then in middle school or college. The highest drug distribution cases in high school is fentanyl and it’s also the highest in middle school. The second highest drug distribution cases in high school is cocaine and in middle school cocaine and marijuana tie for second highest. The third highest drug distribution cases in high school is methamphetamine and it is also the third in middle schools. The fourth highest drug distribution cases in high school is marijuana. In college all four drug distribution cases remain the same.

ALL FOUR DRUG DISTRIBUTION CASES HOMELESS (YES) From this pivot chart I can see that the drug distribution cases for all four drugs are high among college people. I also see that high school only shows homeless people with drug possession of marijuana and middle school homeless people have drug possessions of cocaine.

ALL FOUR DRUG DISTRIBUTION CASES FOR HOMELESS (NO) In this pivot char I can tell that people who are not homeless in middle school and high school show distribution of all four drugs and college doesn’t show no drugs. The highest drug distribution in both high school and middle school is fentanyl cases. The second highest case in high school is cocaine and in middle school it is marijuana. The third highest drug distribution in high school is methamphetamine whereas in middle school methamphetamines and cocaine tie for third place. The fourth highest drug distribution is marijuana in high school.

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CONDUCT A SPATIAL ANALYSIS WITH APPROPRIATE METHODS FOR DRUG POSSESSION AND DISTRIBUTION CASES BY STREETS AND TOP THREE STREETS.

ALL FOUR DRUG POSSESSION TYPES In this pivot chart shows all the streets that all four-drug possession happen on and from this I can see that E Bay St, King St, and Meeting St. have the highest drug possessions on them but King St and E Bay St tie for 1 st place with a total of 7 drug possession on them.

THE TOP 3 STREETS FOR ALL FOUR DRUG POSSESSIONS CASES The top three streets that have drug possessions on them are E Bay St which shows all four drug possession cases on it. With the highest one being fentanyl, second highest one is methamphetamine, third highest is a tie between cocaine and marijuana. On Meeting St., it shows two drug possessions which the highest one is marijuana, and the second highest is methamphetamine. On N Romney St. it only shows the drug possession of marijuana.

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ALL FOUR DRUG DISTRIBUTION CASES In this pivot chart it shows all the streets that drug distributions cases are on. I can tell that Meeting St., King St., and E Bay Street are the three highest streets with drug possessions but King St., and E Bay St. tie for second place since they have the same number of drug distribution cases. So, the third highest street would be Hangover St/ Sheppard St.

TOP 3 STREETS FOR ALL FOUR DRUG DISTRIBUTION CASES The three streets that I chose for the top three are E Bay St., Meeting St., and Hangover St./Sheppard St. From this pivot chart I can conclude that Meeting street has the highest fentanyl drug distribution cases then E Bay St. and Hangover St./Sheppard St. The highest distribution case for cocaine is on Hangover St./Sheppard St. Also Meeting St. and E Bay St., have the same number of Marijuana distribution cases on both streets. E Bay St., also shows distribution cases of fentanyl and methamphetamines.

CONDUCT A SPATIAL ANALYSIS WITH APPROPRIATE METHODS FOR DRUG POSSESSION AND DISTRIBUTION CASES BY STREETS, TIMES AND TOP THREE STREETS.

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TOP THREE STREETS FOR DRUG POSSESSIONS From this pivot chart I can see from the top three streets that possession of marijuana is the majority on both N Romney St., and Meeting St. Most drug possessions on E Bay St., is fentanyl and the second most is methamphetamines, and the third one is possession of cocaine. The only other drug being in possession of on Meeting street is methamphetamines. The hours that the crime of possession of marijuana on N Romney St., is between the hours of 1am and 3 am and again between the hours of 8pm and 9pm. The hours that the possession of marijuana is being done on Meeting St., is between the hours of 2pm to 10pm and in the early mornings at 4 am. The possession of methamphetamines are being done on Meeting St., during the hour of 11am. Drug possession of fentanyl is on E Bay St., is being don at 2am, 2pm and 6pm. Whereas drug possessions of methamphetamines on E Bay St., are being done at 9am, and 3pm and cocaine possession are done at 7pm.

TOP THREE STREETS FOR DRUG DISTRIBUTION From this pivot chart I can tell that the drug distribution from the E Bay St., is marijuana, methamphetamine, and fentanyl. The distribution of marijuana on E Bay St., is coming in at 1am, and the distribution of methamphetamine is coming in at 2pm and distribution of fentanyl is coming in at 3am. On Hangover St/Sheppard St., the only drug being distribution is cocaine which come in at 3am and 9am. The only drug being distributed on Meeting St., is fentanyl which is coming in at 11am.

SUMMARIZE THE STATISTICAL TRENDS AND RELATIONSHIPS FOR DRUG POSSESSION AND DRUG DISTRIBUTION CASES BY LOCATIONS AND TIMES. I can conclude from both charts of Drug possessions and drug distribution cases that people are distributing marijuana on E Bay Street at 1am and people are being caught with marijuana at 8pm on E Bay St. Also, on E Bay St. Methamphetamines are being distributed at 2pm and people are getting caught with it between the hours of 9am and 3pm. There is no cocaine being distributed on E Bay St., but people are getting caught with cocaine at 7pm on E Bay St. On Meeting street fentanyl is the only drug being distributed at 11am but people are only get caught with Marijuana and Methamphetamine on this street between the hours of 4am and 10pm. I can say that no matter where a drug is being distributed the drug possession rate can be different on any streets.

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COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE DATA FROM DRUG POSSESSION BY DRUG TYPE, THEN DRUG DISTRIBUTION BY DRUG TYPE, TO IDENTIFY SPECIFIC TRENDS. When comparing the data from drug possessions and drug distribution case I can conclude that most theses cases are being done on 3 streets which are E Bay St., Meeting St/Meeting St Rd., and King St. These are the same three streets that show up in the graphs or pivot charts that I had made. When comparing the hotspot maps to my pivot charts I can conclude that the same streets are on the drug possession hotspot map only. In contrasting the data from drug possession and drug distribution is that the drug being distributed on certain streets can differ from the drug possessions being done on the same streets. When contrasting my pivot charts to the hotspot maps, I can conclude that the drug distribution hotspot map shows that drugs are being distributed all over the city and not one location on the hotspot map shows up with more than one dot.

INCORPORATE HOT SPOT MAPS AS NECESSARY. Drug Distribution Hotspot Map Drug Possession Hotspot Map

WRITE A HYPOTHESIS SUPPORTING WHICH CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES SHOULD BE USED TO INFORM STRATEGIES AND/OR POLICIES TO ADDRESS DRUG DISTRIBUTION AND POSSESSION CASES

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HYPOTHESIS Drug Possession cases by the four types of drugs Fentanyl, Methamphetamines, Cocaine, and Marijuana have a lot do with drug distribution in areas of high drug possession crimes, addiction rates, homelessness, and even the persons education level. Drug possessions is positively correlated with drug distribution, as individuals who possess drugs are more than like distribute them to others. This is properly why there is such high drug possessions on E Bay St, King St., and Meeting St. The hotspot maps of drug distributions, and possessions also show theses major streets as pinpoints to where this type of activity is going on. I believe that the theories that support drug possession and distribution are the rational choice theory, differential association theory, social learning theory, and labeling theory. All these theories explain that a person has a choice in engaging in drugs and even learn that behavior from others around them and they build upon that learned behavior which tends to get them labeled as a drug dealer or user.

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REFERENCES: • Drug Possession Hotspot Map. (n.d.). Brightspace.Com. Retrieved January 31, 2024, from https://snhu.brightspace.com/content/enforced/1469176-CJ-407-H3921-OL- TRAD-UG.24EW3/course_documents/CJ • Drug Distribution Hotspot Map . (n.d.). Brightspace.Com. Retrieved January 31, 2024, from https://snhu.brightspace.com/content/enforced/1469176- CJ-407-H3921-OL-TRAD-UG.24EW3/course_documents/CJ

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