Macmillan Learning In a study of data derived from a variety of natural phenomena, F. A. Benford formulated an empirical law regarding the frequency of occurrence of the first digit d in a set of numbers. Researchers have recognized Benford's law, also known as the first-digits law, as an important tool in data analysis for diverse arenas such as forensic accounting, online social networking, climate modeling, and gene sequencing. For specific data sets, Benford observed that the frequencies of occurrence of d were approximated by the probability distribution shown in the table. d 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P(d) .301 .176 .125 .097 .079 .067 .058 .051 .046 Use Benford's Law to find P (d < 4) and P (d > 3). Express each result as a decimal rounded to three places. P(d < 4) = P (d > 3) =
Macmillan Learning In a study of data derived from a variety of natural phenomena, F. A. Benford formulated an empirical law regarding the frequency of occurrence of the first digit d in a set of numbers. Researchers have recognized Benford's law, also known as the first-digits law, as an important tool in data analysis for diverse arenas such as forensic accounting, online social networking, climate modeling, and gene sequencing. For specific data sets, Benford observed that the frequencies of occurrence of d were approximated by the probability distribution shown in the table. d 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P(d) .301 .176 .125 .097 .079 .067 .058 .051 .046 Use Benford's Law to find P (d < 4) and P (d > 3). Express each result as a decimal rounded to three places. P(d < 4) = P (d > 3) =
Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781337619455
Author:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. Rittenberg
Publisher:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. Rittenberg
Chapter8: Specialized Audit Tools: Attributes Sampling, Monetary Unit Sampling, And Data Analytics Tools
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 38CYBK
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![Macmillan Learning
In a study of data derived from a variety of natural phenomena, F. A. Benford formulated an empirical law regarding the
frequency of occurrence of the first digit d in a set of numbers. Researchers have recognized Benford's law, also known as the
first-digits law, as an important tool in data analysis for diverse arenas such as forensic accounting, online social networking,
climate modeling, and gene sequencing.
For specific data sets, Benford observed that the frequencies of occurrence of d were approximated by the probability
distribution shown in the table.
d
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
P(d) .301 .176 .125 .097 .079 .067
.058
.051
.046
Use Benford's Law to find P (d < 4) and P (d > 3). Express each result as a decimal rounded to three places.
P(d < 4) =
P (d > 3) =](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fea9a2967-50a2-4c10-9789-69b6cedef10c%2F5eb1387d-8971-4bb9-b852-8cb666cce5e7%2Fhw9ykd9_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Macmillan Learning
In a study of data derived from a variety of natural phenomena, F. A. Benford formulated an empirical law regarding the
frequency of occurrence of the first digit d in a set of numbers. Researchers have recognized Benford's law, also known as the
first-digits law, as an important tool in data analysis for diverse arenas such as forensic accounting, online social networking,
climate modeling, and gene sequencing.
For specific data sets, Benford observed that the frequencies of occurrence of d were approximated by the probability
distribution shown in the table.
d
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
P(d) .301 .176 .125 .097 .079 .067
.058
.051
.046
Use Benford's Law to find P (d < 4) and P (d > 3). Express each result as a decimal rounded to three places.
P(d < 4) =
P (d > 3) =
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