PREPARING F/YOUR ACS EXAM IN GEN CHEM
PREPARING F/YOUR ACS EXAM IN GEN CHEM
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781732776401
Author: EUBANKS
Publisher: American Chemical Society
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Chapter MS, Problem 12PQ
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The concept for formation of four equivalent, single, covalent bonds by carbon in CH4 has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The process of intermixing of atomic orbitals of the same atom to form an equal number of hybrid orbitals is called hybridization. Such hybrid orbitals have same energy and the same shape. It is determined by evaluation of the number of hybrid orbitals (X) of an atom.

The formula to calculate X is as follows:

  X=12[VE+MAc+a]        (1)

Here,

  VE is total number of valence electrons of central atom.

  MA is number of monovalent atoms/groups that surround central atom.

  c is charge on cation if the given species is polyatomic cation.

  a is charge on anion if the given species is polyatomic anion.

The type of hybridization that corresponds to different number of hybrid orbitals is depicted in the following table:

Number ofhybrid orbitalsHybridization2sp3sp24sp35sp3d6sp3d2

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