EBK PRECALCULUS
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780135228982
Author: Sullivan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter B.3, Problem 9E
In Problems
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1. Abel's Theorem. The goal in this problem is to prove Abel's theorem by following a series of steps
(each step must be justified).
Theorem 0.1 (Abel's Theorem).
If y1 and y2 are solutions of the differential equation
y" + p(t) y′ + q(t) y = 0,
where p and q are continuous on an open interval, then the Wronskian is given by
W (¥1, v2)(t) = c exp(− [p(t) dt),
where C is a constant that does not depend on t. Moreover, either W (y1, y2)(t) = 0 for every t in I or
W (y1, y2)(t) = 0 for every t in I.
1. (a) From the two equations (which follow from the hypotheses),
show that
y" + p(t) y₁ + q(t) y₁ = 0 and y½ + p(t) y2 + q(t) y2 = 0,
2. (b) Observe that
Hence, conclude that
(YY2 - Y1 y2) + P(t) (y₁ Y2 - Y1 Y2) = 0.
W'(y1, y2)(t) = yY2 - Y1 y2-
W' + p(t) W = 0.
3. (c) Use the result from the previous step to complete the proof of the theorem.
2. Observations on the Wronskian. Suppose the functions y₁ and y2 are solutions to the differential
equation
p(x)y" + q(x)y' + r(x) y = 0
on an open interval I.
1. (a) Prove that if y₁ and y2 both vanish at the same point in I, then y₁ and y2 cannot form a
fundamental set of solutions.
2. (b) Prove that if y₁ and y2 both attain a maximum or minimum at the same point in I, then y₁ and
Y2 cannot form a fundamental set of solutions.
3. (c) show that the functions & and t² are linearly independent on the interval (−1, 1). Verify that
both are solutions to the differential equation
t² y″ – 2ty' + 2y = 0.
Then justify why this does not contradict Abel's theorem.
4. (d) What can you conclude about the possibility that t and t² are solutions to the differential
equation
y" + q(x) y′ + r(x)y = 0?
Question 4 Find an equation of
(a) The plane through the point (2, 0, 1) and perpendicular to the line x =
y=2-t, z=3+4t.
3t,
(b) The plane through the point (3, −2, 8) and parallel to the plane z = x+y.
(c) The plane that contains the line x = 1+t, y = 2 − t, z = 4 - 3t and is
parallel to the plane 5x + 2y + z = 1.
(d) The plane that passes through the point (1,2,3) and contains the line
x = 3t, y = 1+t, and z = 2-t.
(e) The plane that contains the lines L₁: x = 1 + t, y = 1 − t, z = 2t and
L2 : x = 2 − s, y = s, z = 2.
Chapter B Solutions
EBK PRECALCULUS
Ch. B.1 - In Problems 14, determine the coordinates of the...Ch. B.1 - Prob. 2ECh. B.1 - Prob. 3ECh. B.1 - Prob. 4ECh. B.1 - Prob. 5ECh. B.1 - Prob. 6ECh. B.1 - Prob. 7ECh. B.1 - Prob. 8ECh. B.1 - Prob. 9ECh. B.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. B.1 - Prob. 11ECh. B.1 - Prob. 12ECh. B.1 - Prob. 13ECh. B.1 - Prob. 14ECh. B.1 - Prob. 15ECh. B.1 - Prob. 16ECh. B.2 - Prob. 1ECh. B.2 - Prob. 2ECh. B.2 - Prob. 3ECh. B.2 - Prob. 4ECh. B.2 - Prob. 5ECh. B.2 - Prob. 6ECh. B.2 - Prob. 7ECh. B.2 - Prob. 8ECh. B.2 - Prob. 9ECh. B.2 - Prob. 10ECh. B.2 - Prob. 11ECh. B.2 - Prob. 12ECh. B.2 - Prob. 13ECh. B.2 - Prob. 14ECh. B.2 - Prob. 15ECh. B.2 - Prob. 16ECh. B.2 - Prob. 17ECh. B.2 - Prob. 18ECh. B.2 - Prob. 19ECh. B.2 - Prob. 20ECh. B.2 - Prob. 21ECh. B.2 - Prob. 22ECh. B.2 - Prob. 23ECh. B.2 - Prob. 24ECh. B.2 - Prob. 25ECh. B.2 - Prob. 26ECh. B.2 - Prob. 27ECh. B.2 - Prob. 28ECh. B.2 - Prob. 29ECh. B.2 - Prob. 30ECh. B.2 - Prob. 31ECh. B.2 - Prob. 32ECh. B.3 - Prob. 1ECh. B.3 - Prob. 2ECh. B.3 - Prob. 3ECh. B.3 - Prob. 4ECh. B.3 - Prob. 5ECh. B.3 - Prob. 6ECh. B.3 - Prob. 7ECh. B.3 - Prob. 8ECh. B.3 - In Problems use Zero (or ROOT) to approximate the...Ch. B.3 - Prob. 10ECh. B.3 - Prob. 11ECh. B.3 - Prob. 12ECh. B.5 - Prob. 1ECh. B.5 - Prob. 2ECh. B.5 - Prob. 3ECh. B.5 - Prob. 4ECh. B.5 - Prob. 5ECh. B.5 - Prob. 6E
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