Concept explainers
A
Interpretation: The service rate in the service system that would keep the average number of customers four should be calculated.
Concept Introduction: Waiting line model is used to calculate the performance. The probability in a waiting line requires to wait for service.
B
Interpretation: The probability that more than four customers are in the waiting line and being served is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction: Waiting line model is used to calculate the performance. The probability in a waiting line requires to wait for service.
C
Interpretation: Average waiting time in the line for each customer should be calculated.
Concept Introduction: Waiting line model is used to calculate the performance. The probability in a waiting line requires to wait for service.
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Chapter B Solutions
Operations Management: Processes And Supply Chains (12th Edition) (what's New In Operations Management)
- During nearly four decades of business operations, Memphis-based FedEx has earned a reputation for reliable, on-time delivery of packages to homes and offices around the country. Founder Fred Smith originally focused on overnight deliveries, choosing Memphis as the company’s headquarters because the airport rarely closes due to bad weather. With FedEx’s planes departing and arriving on schedule nearly all the time, its express shipments usually remained on schedule, then and now. To reassure customers that delivery will take place when and where promised, the firm offers a money-back guarantee on time-sensitive express shipments, among other services. FedEx has steadily expanded its portfolio of services since the 1970s. Its original overnight express delivery is currently available to U.S. customers in various forms, including “first-overnight” delivery, next-morning delivery, next-afternoon delivery, and budget-pleasing two- or three-day delivery. The company’s services also include cost-effective ground delivery for parcels and extra-speedy same-day delivery for urgent deliveries within 1,800 cities. Over the years, FedEx has widened its delivery network to more than 220 countries. It has purchased more cargo jets and acquired specialized shipping firms, including Tiger International, Roberts Express, RPS, and TNT Express, to support global growth. For international business customers needing products, parts, or raw materials shipped across countries or continents, the company now offers time-saving services such as commercial freight forwarding and cross-border logistical support. To add the convenience of local drop-off and pickup points for U.S. consumers and small businesses, FedEx acquired the Kinko’s office services company in 2004 and later rebranded it as FedEx Office. This acquisition also added printing and copying to the menu of services offered. Then the company arranged for large U.S. retailers such as Walgreens, Albertsons, Kroger, and Safeway to accept packages for shipment and receive package delivery for customer pickup in thousands of store locations. This means people who want to send a package can head to a nearby retailer and ship where they shop, rather than making a separate trip to the FedEx location. It’s also a safe alternative for packages to be picked up by people who don’t want FedEx shipments left by the front door. Another service FedEx offers to small and mid-sized businesses, including retailers, is FedEx Fulfillment. The purpose is to expedite order fulfillment by having each business store its products in a FedEx warehouse. Then, when the business’s customers place orders, FedEx puts the products into boxes bearing the business’s own logo and ships directly to those customers. The business doesn’t need a separate warehouse or staff for fulfillment, and packages are on their way to customers more quickly because the products were in FedEx’s warehouse, ready to be packed and shipped. This service puts FedEx into direct competition with Amazon.com, which offers a similar service to merchants that sell through the online Amazon Marketplace. But it also gives businesses that don’t sell via Amazon a fast and professional fulfillment alternative. FedEx is careful to let customers know, through media and social-media announcements, when it anticipates that extreme weather or other conditions will cause delays or force it to halt pickups and deliveries. For the duration of Hurricane Irma, for example, FedEx said it would suspend deliveries in Florida. Some Florida customers who had ordered generators to be delivered via FedEx were unhappy, because they worried about being without power during and after the storm. But one FedEx employee loaded several generator orders into his car and took them to customers himself. When a customer posted a grateful compliment to FedEx on Facebook, the message generated thousands of likes, shares, and positive comments. The company also received positive comments for its donations of cash and transportation services to areas devastated by Hurricanes Irma, Harvey, and Maria. According to the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI), FedEx often tops the list of U.S. shipping companies as ranked by customers surveyed. Every day, the company delivers 13 million packages—and during the busy year-end holiday season, it delivers many more. By meeting customers’ expectations for on-time deliveries, FedEx has increased annual revenues beyond $60 billion and positioned itself for continued growth in the future. How does FedEx’s money-back guarantee address customers’ concerns about heterogeneity?arrow_forward1.)The arrival rate is the rate of arrivals to the service facility all of these rate items arrive at the server after being in the queue time between arrivals to the service facility 2.) what is "queue discipline"?arrow_forwardNeed helparrow_forward
- [Queuing Theory - Operation research] The take-out counter at an ice-cream parlor is serviced by one attendant. Customers arrive according to a Poisson process, at a mean arrival rate of 30 per hour. They are serviced on a FCFS basis, and because of the quality of the ice cream, they are willing to wait if necessary. The service time per customer appears to be exponentially distributed, with a mean of 1.5 minutes. Determine the following: (a) probability that the system is idle (b) average number of customers in the system (c) amount of time a customer should expect to wait before service (d) probability that a customer will have to spend more than 15 minutes in the queuearrow_forwardA self-service store employs one cashier at its counter. Nine customers 'arrive on an average every 5 minutes while the cashier can serve 10 customers in 5 minutes. Assuming Poisson distribution for arrival rate and exponential distribution for service time, find 1. Average number of customers in the system. 2. Average number of customers in the queue or average queue length. 3. Average time a customer spends in the system. 4. Average time a customer waits before being served. A.1arrow_forwardPlease do not give solution in image format thankuarrow_forward
- 5.12. For each of the following queuing systems, indicate if it is a single- or multiple-server model, the queue discipline, and if its calling population is infinite or finite: Hair salon Bank Laundromat Doctor’s office Adviser’s office Airport runway Service station Copy center Team trainer Mainframe computerarrow_forwardThe Bijou Theater shows vintage movies. Customers arrive at the theater line at the rate of 100 per hour. The ticket seller averages 30 seconds per customer, which includes placing validation stamps on customers’ parking lot receipts and punching their frequent watcher cards. (Because of these added services, many customers don’t get in until after the feature has started.) (Use the Excel spreadsheet Queue Models.) What is the average customer time in the system? What would be the effect on customer time in the system of having a second ticket taker doing nothing but validations and card punching, thereby cutting the average service time to 20 seconds? Note: Round your answer to 3 decimal places. What would be the customer time in the system if instead of the change in part (b), a second window was opened with each server doing all three tasks? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 3 decimal places. Would system waiting time which is obtained…arrow_forwardMany of a bank’s customers use its automated banking machine (ABM). During the early eveninghours in the summer months, customers arrive at an ABM at the rate of one every other minute(assume Poisson). Each customer spends an average of 99 seconds completing the transaction.Transaction times are exponentially distributed. Assume that the length of the queue is not aconstraint. Determine the average time customers spend at the machine, including waiting in line and completing transactions. Determine the probability that a customer will not have to wait upon arrival at the ABM. Determine the utilization of the ABM.arrow_forward
- Please do not give solution in image format thanku 1. In a queueing system, customers arrive once every 4 seconds (standard deviation = 4) and services take 3 seconds (standard deviation = 5.1). What is the average time a customer wiill spend in the system (in seconds)?arrow_forwardCustomers arrive to a local bakery with an average time between arrivals of5 minutes. However, there is quite a lot of variability in the customers’ arrivals, asone would expect in an unscheduled system. The single bakery server requires anamount of time having the exponential distribution with mean 4.5 minutes to servecustomers (in the order in which they arrive). No customers leave without service.d. Calculate the probability a customer will spend more than an hour at the bakery(time in queue plus service time).arrow_forwardPlease do not give solution in image format thanku A bank has an average of 10 customers per hour arriving into the system, and it takes an average of 30 minutes for the clerk to complete a transaction with a customer. What is the average length of the queue in the bank? And A store open 24 hours per day is interested in determining store traffic. It found that customers arrive uniformly at the rate of 10 customers per hour. The store has a single worker to process customers. The worker takes an average of 5 minutes to process a customer. If we assume that every customer must be processed, what is the average number of customers in the store?arrow_forward
- Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,MarketingMarketingISBN:9780357033791Author:Pride, William MPublisher:South Western Educational Publishing