(a)
Interpretation:
The calibration of calcium ion selective electrode is used for the determination of pCa and the table for this data is shown below-
5.00 | -53.8 |
4.00 | -27.7 |
3.00 | +2.7 |
2.00 | +31.9 |
1.00 | +65.1 |
The relation between potential and the and the pCa is linear. Using the data, a least square straight line is to be plotted using the spreadsheet.
Concept introduction:
The least square method is a method in which the best result is obtained for the set data point by minimizing the sum of offset or residuals from the plot of curve statistically.
(b)
Interpretation:
The least square expression is to be determined for the best straight line through the point.
Concept introduction:
The least square method is a method in which the best result is obtained for the set data point by minimizing the sum of offset or residuals from the plot of curve statistically.
(c)
Interpretation:
The standard deviation is to be determined for the slope and the intercept of the least-square line.
Concept introduction:
The slope of line is also called as gradient of line which is used to define the direction and steepness of the line.
The intercept line is the y −axis of line at which point it crosses X −axis.
(d)
Interpretation:
The value pCa of serum solution is to be determined in which the electrode potential value is 10.7mV. The absolute and relative standard deviation for pCa is to be determined when obtained result is from the single voltage measurement.
Concept introduction:
The standard deviation method is used for the quantification of the amount of variation or for the dispersion for the set of the data values.
(e)
Interpretation:
The absolute and relative standard deviation for pCa is to be determined when the result obtained from the part (d) in millimeters is the mean value of two replicate measurements and this calculation is to be repeated for the eight measurements.
Concept introduction:
The standard deviation method is used for the quantification of the amount of variation or for the dispersion for the set of the data values.

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Chapter A1 Solutions
INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS-ACCESS >CUSTOM<
- Please help me with number 5 using my data and graph. I think I might have number 3 and 4 but if possible please check me. Thanks in advance!arrow_forwarddict the major products of this organic reaction. C Explanation Check 90 + 1.0₂ 3 2. (CH3)2S Click and drag f drawing a stru © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. • 22 4 5 7 8 Y W E R S F H Bilarrow_forwardcan someone draw out the reaction mechanism for this reaction showing all the curly arrows and 2. Draw the GPNA molecule and identify the phenylalanine portion. 3. Draw L-phenylalanine with the correct stereochemistryarrow_forward
- What is the reaction mechanism for this?arrow_forwardPredict the major products of both organic reactions. Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds to show the stereochemistry of the products when it's important, for example to distinguish between two different major products. esc esc Explanation Check 2 : + + X H₁₂O + Х ง WW E R Y qab Ccaps lock shift $ P X Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bil T FR F18 9 G t K L Z X V B N M control opption command command T C darrow_forwardDraw the Markovnikov product of the hydrohalogenation of this alkene. this problem. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for caps lock Explanation Check 2 W E R + X 5 HCI Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bil Y F G H K L ZZ X C V B N M control opption command F10 F10 command 4 BA Ar Carrow_forward
- I don't understand why the amide on the top left, with the R attached to one side, doesn't get substituted with OH to form a carboxylic acid. And if only one can be substituted, why did it choose the amide it chose rather than the other amide?arrow_forwardesc Draw the Markovnikov product of the hydration of this alkene. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for this problem. Explanation Check BBB + X 0 1. Hg (OAc)2, H₂O 2. Na BH 5 Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bl P 豆 28 2 28 N 9 W E R T Y A S aps lock G H K L Z X C V B N M T central H command #e commandarrow_forwardC A student proposes the transformation below in one step of an organic synthesis. There may be one or more products missing from the right-hand side, but there are no reagents missing from the left-hand side. There may also be catalysts, small inorganic reagents, and other important reaction conditions missing from the arrow. • Is the student's transformation possible? If not, check the box under the drawing area. . If the student's transformation is possible, then complete the reaction by adding any missing products to the right-hand side, and adding required catalysts, inorganic reagents, or other important reaction conditions above and below the arrow. • You do not need to balance the reaction, but be sure every important organic reactant or product is shown. (X) This transformation can't be done in one step. + Tarrow_forward
- く Predict the major products of this organic reaction. If there aren't any products, because nothing will happen, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. Explanation Check OH + + ✓ 2 H₂SO 4 O xs H₂O 2 Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forwardDraw the skeletal ("line") structure of 1,3-dihydroxy-2-pentanone. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X Parrow_forwardPredicting edict the major products of this organic reaction. If there aren't any products, because nothing will happen, check the box under the drawing area instead. + No reaction. Explanation Check HO Na O H xs H₂O 2 Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Iarrow_forward
- Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
