In Problems 7-10, find a general solution for the system
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Fundamentals of Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems
- This paragraph from the text defines the term "controllable". The concept of rank plays an important role in the design of engineering control systems, such as the space shuttle system mentioned in this chapter's introductory example. A state-space model of a control system includes a difference equation of the form xk+1 = Axk+ Buk for k = = 0, 1,... (1) where A is n xn, B is n xm, {x} is a sequence of "state vectors" in R" that describe the state of the system at discrete times, and {u} is a control, or input, sequence. The pair (A, B) is said to be controllable if rank B AB A² B ... A"-¹B] = n (2) The matrix that appears in (2) is called the controllability matrix for the system. If (A, B) is controllable, then the system can be controlled, or driven from the state 0 to any specified state v (in R") in at most n steps, simply by choosing an appropriate control sequence in R" Determine of the following matrix pair is controllable: [0.9 1.0 0 A = 0 -0.9 0 B = , 0 0 0.5]arrow_forwardIII. Solve the following linear systems of differential equations. dr₁ dt (a) (b) dx2 dt dx₁ dt dx₂ dt = x1 + 2x₂ = = = 4x1 + 3x2 x₁ - 4x₂ 4x₁ - 7x₂ (c) (d) dx₁ dt dx₂ dt dx₁ dt dx₂ dt = -4x1 + 2x2 = = = 5 2²1 +22 -2x1 - 2x₂ 2x16x₂ X(0) = [-2] X(0) = [1¹]arrow_forwardquestion Barrow_forward
- 2. Given the following 2 x 2 linear system with constant coefficients x' = Ax (H) x= Ax+g(t), (N) where g is not the zero vector. Which of the following statements are true? Justify your answers. A. If , is a solution to (H) and 7, is a solution to (N), then , +27, is a solution to (N). B. If , and 2 are both solutions to (N), then ₁-2 is a solution to (H).arrow_forwardProblem 2. Let r(x) be a rational function given by: ao + a₁x + bo + b₁x + (1) ..." Assume we would like to interpolate a function f with r, satisfying interpolation conditions of the form f(x₁) = r(x₁). Write down a linear system which can be solved to find the parameters ao, a₁, . . . , am, bo, b₁, . . . , bn for a given rational interpolation problem. r(x) = = • amxm bn xnarrow_forward1. Show that the system of linear equations has infinitely many solutions. Express your answer in terms of t, where x = x(t), y = y(t) and z = t. (x+3y – 2z = 0 2x (4x + 6y + 4z = 8 = 8arrow_forward
- 11. Find the value of k such that the system X; - x, + 2x, = –4 X +x, +kx; = 4 (-x, +kx, +x, =k? has a unique solution; (2) has no solution; (3) has infinitely many solutions. For the case of (3), write a general solution.arrow_forwardSolve the system t d X1 - dt x2 -1 with x1(0) = 1 and x2(0)arrow_forward[1 [1 0 re o 1 -1 0 0 2 -1 2 1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 what is the solution of the following system of linear equations? x + 2y – z = 2 %3D 2x +y + z = 1 x - y + 2z = -1arrow_forward
- 2 -5 x, and the charctrestic equation of this system is Let x = 1 -2 f(W) = x² + 1, then the foundemntal set of real valued functions is Select one: O a. cost sint u(t) = [ 2cost – sint 2sint + cost O b. -cost sint u(t) = 2cost +sint 2sint + cost O C. u(t) = 2cost – sint 2sint + cost cost sint d. NOT е. -sint cost u(t) = 2cost 2sintarrow_forward(a) For which value(s) of a will the following system r+ 5y – 4z = 7 4x – 2y + 6z = 6 2x + y + (a? – 8)z = a – 3 have (i) No solution (ii) Infinite many solutions.arrow_forward6arrow_forward
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