CAMPBELL BIOLOGY MOD MASTERING (18 WEEK)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136920335
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 9.6, Problem 4CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: Whether fat can be used as a concentrated source of chemical energy by muscle cells during intense exercise.
Introduction: Fatty acids and glycerol, the monomers of fat, enter the glycolysis step in the presence of oxygen. From there, they progress to the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain, where energy is generated in the form of ATP.
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Rat heart muscle operating aerobically fills more than 90% of its ATP needs by oxidative phosphorylation. If each gram of tissue consumes O2 at the rate of 12.0 micromol/min, with glucose as the fuel source.
(a) Calculate the rate at which the heart muscle consumes glucose and produces ATP.
(b) Consider an alternate scenario – what would be the rate of consumption if the energy source was a solely triglycerides whose fatty acyl chains were each 14-C in length and saturated? (Assume the O2 consumption rate remains at 12.0 micromol/min)
(c) For a steady-state concentration of ATP of 6.0 micromol/g of heart muscle tissue, calculate the time required (in seconds) to completely turn over the cellular pool of ATP if glucose us used as the sole fuel source. What does this result indicate about the need for tight regulation of ATP production? (Note: Concentrations are expressed as micromoles per gram of muscle tissue because the tissue is mostly water.)
Predict whether creatine kinase will operate in the direction of ATP synthesis or phosphocreatine synthesis at 25°C when [ATP] = 4 mM, [ADP] = 0.15 mM, [phosphocreatine] = 2.5 mM, and [creatine] = 1 mM.
Explain why engaging in 30–60 minutes of “aerobics” is promoted as an activity that “burns fat.” Would you get this same “fat burning” from several 20-second sprints? Explain your answer in biochemical terms.
Chapter 9 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY MOD MASTERING (18 WEEK)
Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
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- 2arrow_forwardLET'S APPLY 2: COMPUTATION - Directions: Compute the following questions. Write your solution and answer on your answer sheet. 1 GLUCOSE = 40 ATP MOLECULES (TOTAL) 1 GLUCOSE = 36 ATP MOLECULES (NET) 1 ATP MOLECULE = 7.3 kCal 1. How many ATP molecules will be produced when 100 molecules of glucose undergo cellular respiration? a. Total ATP produced: b. Total net ATP produced: 2. Compute for the amount of energy in kcal of 1a and 1b. a. Energy in kcal of the total ATP produced: b. Energy in kcal of the total net ATP produced:arrow_forwardVitamin D is produced in the skin when 7‑dehydrocholesterol reacts with UVB rays (ultraviolet B) having wavelengths between 270 nm and 300 nm. What is the energy range ?min≤?≤?max of the UVB photons?arrow_forward
- Exercise 5 Membrane receptors are proteins that are incorporated in the cytoplasmic membrane of a cell, allowing the detection of specific molecules such as (hormones, growth factor) and triggering a cascade of biochemical Synthesis of protein reactions. The adjacent schema represents the steps of the synthesis of these membrane receptors. 1. Label the structures from a to f. In order to study the biosynthesis and secretion of this protein (membrane receptors), a solution containing radioactive amino acid was injected in the blood of an animal. Samples of certain cells were taken at regular intervals of time. The intensity of radioactivity was measured in different cellular organelles. 2000 The table below represents the variations of the quantity of a membrane protein in different parts of the cell, as function of time. Time (min) 15 40 50 Structure X 26 12 2 1 Structure Z 0. 6. 10 6. Structure Y 0. 10 24 2. Represent the obtained results in the form 3. 3.1. Analyze the obtained…arrow_forwardMatching Question: Researchers characterized a new enzyme and determined its Km=200 uM. Moreover, they found that at (Etotad10 nM this enzyme reaches maximum reaction velocity Venasa5 is 1. What is the keat of this enzyme? 2. At which concentration of the substrate this enzyme reaches initial reaction velocity (Vo) of 500 nM/s (assuming (Etotal is the same 10 nMy? 3. What is the maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) of the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme at (Etotail4 nM? Make sure to choose the correct units of measure. Note that some of the items from the answer list should NOT be used. v kcat 1. 400 uM - (S] - - Vmax 2 100 uM 500 s 450 uM 250 s1 * 501 7. so00 s 1 UM's SuMis 10 200 uM 11. 10 uMis 12 25 s 13. 500 nM/sarrow_forwardCourse Code: BIO121 Course Name: Principles of Biology I Read the question carefully first Answer the question-4 chemical reaction according to the question 4(a) and 4(b) with step by step clear explanation. Question 4 (a) In cellular respiration, glucose is broken down and the energy released is used to make ATP molecules. ATP molecules can be produced via this reaction: ADP+ P; → ATP. Is the production of ATP endergonic or exergonic? (b) What is the function of ATP molecules in cells?arrow_forward
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