Mathematics: A Practical Odyssey
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305104174
Author: David B. Johnson, Thomas A. Mowry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9.4, Problem 41E
To determine
To find:
The shortest network joining Tampa, Orlando, and Miami and its length.
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In this exercise, we will investigate a technique to prove that a language is notregular. This tool is called the pumping lemma.The pumping lemma says that if M = (S, I, f, s0, F ) is a DFA with p states (i.e., p = |S|) and if the wordw is in L(M ) (the language generated by M ) and w has length greater than or equal to p, then w may bedivided into three pieces, w = xyz, satisfying the following conditions:1. For each i ∈ N, xy^i z ∈ L(M ).2. |y| > 0 (i.e., y contains at least one character).3. |xy| ≤ p (i.e., the string xy has at most p characters).
Use the pumping lemma to show the following language is not regular (HINT: Use proof by contradictionto assume the language is regular and apply the pumping lemma to the language):L = {0^k1^k | k ∈ N}
A prefix of length ℓ of some word w are the first ℓ characters (in order) of w.1. Construct a context-free grammar for the language: L = {w ∈ {a, b}∗ | every prefix of w has at least as many a’s as b’s}2. Explain why every word generated by your context-free grammar (in Part 1) is contained in L. Then,prove via induction that every w ∈ L is produced by your context-free grammar.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Mathematics: A Practical Odyssey
Ch. 9.1 - In Exercises 1 3, use the following information:...Ch. 9.1 - In Exercises 1 3, use the following information:...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.1 - In exercise 7-10, determine the number of...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.1 - In exercise 7-10, determine the number of...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.1 - a. Determine the number of vertices, edges and...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.1 - a. Why do the two diagrams in Figure 9.10...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.2 - In Exercise 1-6, do the following: a. Find two...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.2 - Exercise 7-12, can be done as homework problem or...Ch. 9.2 - Exercise 7-12, can be done as homework problem or...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.2 - Exercise 7-12, can be done as homework problem or...Ch. 9.2 - Exercise 7-12, can be done as homework problem or...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.2 - 22. Once a month, the utility company sends an...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.2 - Figure shows a map of New Yorks cities and bridges...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.2 - Figure 9.7 on page 673 shows a map of the BART Bay...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.3 - Exercise 1-4, use the flight costs shown in...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.3 - Exercises 5-12 use the FedEx travel times shown in...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.3 - Use the following information in Exercises 13-22....Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.3 - Use the information in Figure 9.55 and the...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.3 - Use the information in Figure 9.55 and the...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 57ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 58ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 59ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 60ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.5 - Exercises 8-14 involve the information in Figure...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.5 - Exercises 8-14 involve the information in Figure...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.5 - Exercises 8-14 involve the information in Figure...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.5 - Exercises 15-21 involve the information in Figure...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 25ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 27ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 29ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 33ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.CR - In Exercises 1-6, do the following: a. Determine...Ch. 9.CR - Prob. 2CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 3CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 4CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 5CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 6CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 7CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 8CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 9CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 10CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 11CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 12CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 13CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 14CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 15CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 16CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 17CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 18CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 19CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 20CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 21CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 22CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 23CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 24CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 25CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 26CRCh. 9.CR - Exercises 2531 use the flight costs shown in...Ch. 9.CR - Exercises 2531 use the flight costs shown in...Ch. 9.CR - Prob. 29CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 30CRCh. 9.CR - You live in Chicago, and you need to visit New...Ch. 9.CR - Prob. 32CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 33CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 34CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 35CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 36CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 37CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 38CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 39CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 40CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 41CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 42CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 43CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 44CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 45CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 46CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 47CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 48CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 49CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 50CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 51CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 52CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 53CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 54CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 55CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 56CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 57CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 58CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 59CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 60CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 61CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 62CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 63CRCh. 9.CR - Prob. 64CR
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