Chapter 9, Problem 9.64P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonds in ${\text{S}}_8$ are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent in nature is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. A polar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of different electronegativity while the nonpolar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of similar electronegativity.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonds in $\text{RbCl}$ are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent in nature is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. A polar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of different electronegativity while the nonpolar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of similar electronegativity.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonds in ${\text{PF}}_3$ are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent in nature is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. A polar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of different electronegativity while the nonpolar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of similar electronegativity.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonds in ${\text{SCl}}_2$ are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent in nature is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. A polar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of different electronegativity while the nonpolar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of similar electronegativity.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonds in ${\text{F}}_2$ are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent in nature is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. A polar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of different electronegativity while the nonpolar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of similar electronegativity.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonds in ${\text{SF}}_2$ are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent in nature is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. A polar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of different electronegativity while the nonpolar covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between nonmetals of similar electronegativity.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order of increasing bond polarity among the following compound is to be determined.

${\text{PF}}_3,{\text{SCl}}_2,{\text{SF}}_2$

Concept introduction:

Bond polarity can be estimated by $\Delta \text{EN}$. $\Delta \text{EN}$ is the electronegativity difference between the atoms bonded to each other. The formula to calculate $\Delta \text{EN}$ in AB bond is as follows:

$\Delta \text{EN}=\left(\text{electronegativity of B}\right)-\left(\text{electronegativity of A}\right)$

Here, B is the electronegative atom and A is the electropositive atom.