Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The compounds which have the same molecular formula but have different arrangements of atoms are known as isomers. The phenomenon is called isomerism. The isomers are generally classified as structural isomers and stereoisomers. Stereoisomers are further divided into two categories diastereomers and enantiomers.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The isomers of
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The compounds that have chiral centers can exist as enantiomers. The compound
Figure 2
Therefore,
The compounds
(b)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halides among
Concept introduction:
The compounds which have the same molecular formula but have different arrangements of atoms are known as isomers. The phenomenon is called isomerism. The isomers are generally classified as structural isomers and stereoisomers. Stereoisomers are further divided into two categories diastereomers and enantiomers.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The isomer of
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The compounds that have two chiral centers can exist as enantiomers. The compound
Figure 3
Therefore,
The compound
(c)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halides among
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as a substitution reaction. In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, nucleophile takes the position of leaving the group by attacking on the electron-deficient carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The fastest
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The rate of
The compound
The compound
(d)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halides among
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The isomer of
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The compound
The compound,
(e)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halides among
Concept introduction:
The elimination reaction of alkyl halide involves removal of the halogen atom and hydrogen atom from the adjacent carbon atoms, which leads to the formation of the alkene. A bulky base increases the chance of elimination reaction of substitution reaction.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The compound
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The compound
The
(f)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halides among
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as a substitution reaction. In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, nucleophile takes the position of leaving the group by attacking on the electron-deficient carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The alkyl halide among
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The rate of
The steric hindrance in case of
The isomer of
(g)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halides among
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as a substitution reaction. In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, nucleophile takes the position of leaving the group by attacking on the electron-deficient carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The alkyl halides among
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The stability of tertiary carbocation is more than the stability of secondary carbocation. Therefore, in case of
The isomer of
(h)
Interpretation:
The alkyl halide among
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as a substitution reaction. In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, nucleophile takes the position of leaving the group by attacking on the electron-deficient carbon atom.

Answer to Problem 9.44AP
The alkyl halide among
Explanation of Solution
The structures of
Figure 1
The rate of
Therefore,
The isomer of
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Chapter 9 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY SAPLING ACCESS + ETEX
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