FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119634928
Author: Borgnakke
Publisher: WILEY
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In a R-134a based refrigeration system the cycle operates in the temperature range of 40°c and -
20°c. Find COP of the system if the vapor is dry and saturated .hile entering the compressor.
Assume mass flow rate of refrigerant is 1 kg/s.
A thermal power plant operates such that the steam exits boiler at 4 MPa, 400C and the
condenser pressure is 10 kPa. The efficiency of the turbine and pump is 85% and 90%
respectively.
a. Draw the plant PFD (Process Flow Disgram) and the process Ts diagram and calculate
quality of steam discharge from the turbine as well as the plant's thermal efficiency.
b. If the plant produces 300MW of net power,
- What is the steam flowrates in kg/hr?
- If the plant uses natural gas as a fuel, determine the flowrate of NG in MMSCMD.
State the reference for your data.
- If the plant uses coal as a fuel, determine the amount of coal required (tonne per annum).
State the reference for your data and all your assumptions.
c. How much power required by the pump in kW? Is this the real power required
by the pump? Explain
d. Find the heat rejected in the condenser and evaluate the thermal efficiency using this
value.
e. The heat rejected to surrounding is through a cooling water system from a
nearby ocean.…
A steam powerplant operates on a rankine cycle the steam enters the turbine at 7 mpa 550°c with a velocity of 3m/s . Its dischaRge to the condenser at 20kpa with the velocity of 90m/s calculate the network in kw for a flow of 37.8kg/s
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- The steam supply to a two turbine unit is 6000kPa, 360°C. In the high pressure turbine the steam is expanded down to 2000kPa. The steam is then reheated isobarically to 320°C and expanded in the low pressure turbine to the condenser pressure of 4kPa. The isentropic efficiencies of the h.p and 1.p. turbines are 76% and 73% respectively. If the turbine has an output power of 3MW, calculate: (a). the Rankine efficiency (including feed pump) if the condensate leaving the condenser is at 24°C (b). the steam mass flow-rate through the turbines per second (c). the specific steam consumptionarrow_forwardI need handwritten and correct very fastarrow_forwardTNB steam power plant in Genting Highlandsoperates on reheat Rankine cycleand has power net output of 50MW. Steam enters the turbine at aMPa and b °Cand it is cooled in the condenser at a pressure of ckPa by running cooling water from the Bertam River through the tubesof condenser. Steam enters both stages of the turbine at b°C. If the moisture content of the steam at the exit of the low-pressure turbine is not to exceed 10 percent, show the cycle on a T-s diagram and determine;i.The pressure at which reheating takes place, ii.The thermal efficiency of the cycleandiii.Please justify how does the thermal efficiency of the cycle if the temperature to low turbine is increase to 600°C? a=12 b=500 c=12arrow_forward
- The evaporator (a heat exchanger) in an A/C unit has R-410A entering at -20 °C and a quality of 30% and leaves at the same temperature and a quality of 100%. The COP of the air conditioner is known to be 1.3 and the mass flow rate is given as 0.013 kg/s. Find the power input to the cycle. (Note that, here, the evaporator is the part of the A/C unit that accepts [i.e., withdraws] heat from the room maintained at a cold temperature)arrow_forwardi need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardExample 2: Refrigerant R-134a enter the compressor of a has a refrigerantor a superheared vapor at 0.14MPa and -10°C at arate of 0.05kg/sec and leave at 0.8Mp and 50°C.The refrigerant cooled in the condenser to 26°C and 0.72Mpa is throttled to 0.15MPa.Disregradingany heat transfere and pressure drop in the connecting line between the components. Determine: a) The rate of heat removed from the refrigerated space b) The power input to the compressor. c) Isentropic eff of the compressor d) COP of the refrigerantor.arrow_forward
- An improved refrigeration system with a heat exchanger is shown in the following picture. The heat exchanger is used to superheat the vapor entering the compressor while subcooling the liquid leaving the condenser. The system uses R-134a. The evaporator operates at 15oF and the condenser operates at 100 psia. The heat exchanger provides 40oF of subcooling at the throttle valve entrance. a) Calculate the entropy generation at the throttle for the simple refrigeration cycle. Calculate also the entropy generation of the universe (throttle + surroundings) due to this operation. b) Calculate the process efficiency of the heat exchanger for the refrigeration cycle that includes the heat exchangerarrow_forwardi need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardA two-stage cascade refrigeration system uses ammonia as the working substance. The evaporator is at -40 deg C and the high-pressure condenser is at 2035.9 kPa. The cascade condenser is a direct-contact type. The refrigeration load is 90 tons.compute for the cascade condenser pressure in kPa for minimum work. compute for the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the low pressure loop. compute for the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the high pressure loop.compute for the power requirement in the low stage loop. compute for the power requirement in the high stage loop. compute the total power requirement for the system. compute the COP for the system. compute the percentage of quantity of the fluid entering the evaporator.arrow_forward
- In a Rankine Cycle, steam enters the turbine at 2.5 MPa and condenser of 50KPa.What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle?arrow_forwardOpen feed water heater in the power plant operating according to the Rankine cycle with ideal intermediate steam is used. Turbine inlet state is 10MPa 650C. Condenser pressure is 10 kPa. Intermediate steam taking takes place at a pressure of 2 MPa. The intermediate steam mass flow rate depends on the total mass flow. Find the ratio. Find the thermal efficiency. TIP: Treat the mass flow entering the turbine by saying 1, and r for the intermediate steam. Result: r = 0.239, yield 45.2%arrow_forwardA power plant operating in a Reheat Rankine Cycle produces steam at 3 MPa, 600oC in the boiler. It keeps the condenser at 45oC by transfer of 10 MW out as heat transfer. The first turbine section (high-pressure) expands to 500 kPa and then flow is reheated followed by the expansion in the low-pressure turbine. Provide a detailed solution. Avoid shortcuts. Determine the mass flow rate (kg/s)arrow_forward
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