
Write the direct stress formula in its three forms and explain the meaning of each one.

To write: Direct stress formula in three forms and explain the meaning of each one.
Explanation of Solution
The three forms direct stress formula are as follows:
1.
Here,
It means the average normal stress in a member is equal to axial normal force acting on it divided by the area of cross-section on which the normal force acts. It is used to calculate the average stress developed in a member having a cross- sectional area A, when an external force of magnitude P act.
2.
Where,
P is the axial load capacity.
A is the cross-sectional area of the member.
This form of the formula is used to calculate the maximum load capacity (maximum permissible axial load) of a member having maximum permissible stress,
3.
Where,
P is the axial load capacity.
A is the cross-sectional area of the member.
This formula is applicable for Analysis of load capacity.
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