The approximations built into valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory has to be listed out and discussed. Concept introduction: Valance bond (VBT) theory: This theory explain a chemical bonding theory that explains the bonding between two atoms is caused by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals. The two atoms share each other's unpaired electron to form a filled orbital to form a hybrid orbital and bond together. Molecular orbital (MO) theory: is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole molecule. According to this theory there are two types of orbitals, (1) Bonding orbitals (2) Antibonding orbitals Electrons in molecules are filled in accordance with the energy; the anti-bonding orbital has more energy than the bonding orbitals. The electronic configuration of oxygen molecule O 2 can be represented as follows, ( σ 1s ) 2 ( σ* 1s ) 2 ( σ 2s ) 2 ( σ* 2s ) 2 ( σ 2p ) 2 ( π 2p ) 4 ( π * 2p ) 2 . The * represent the antibonding orbital. Orbital approximation: It is mainly applied in polyelectron atoms, in this approximation method; hydrogenic orbitals were filled with electron to construct atomic wave functions.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.1DQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The approximations built into valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory has to be listed out and discussed.

Concept introduction:

Valance bond (VBT) theory: This theory explain a chemical bonding theory that explains the bonding between two atoms is caused by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals. The two atoms share each other's unpaired electron to form a filled orbital to form a hybrid orbital and bond together.

Molecular orbital (MO) theory: is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole molecule.

According to this theory there are two types of orbitals,

(1) Bonding orbitals

(2) Antibonding orbitals

Electrons in molecules are filled in accordance with the energy; the anti-bonding orbital has more energy than the bonding orbitals.

The electronic configuration of oxygen molecule O2 can be represented as follows,

(σ1s)2(σ1s)2(σ2s)2(σ2s)2 (σ2p)2( π2p)4( π2p)2 .

The represent the antibonding orbital.

Orbital approximation:

It is mainly applied in polyelectron atoms, in this approximation method; hydrogenic orbitals were filled with electron to construct atomic wave functions.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Indicate the processes in the dismutation of Cu2O.

1. Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction. 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 Potential Energy (kJ) 600 400 200 0 -200- -400 -600- -800 (i) Cl₂ (g) + Pt(s) → 2Cl (g) + Pt(s) (ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) → CICO (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ Ea = 2240 kJ (iii) Cl (g) + CICO (g) → Cl₂CO (g) Ea = 2350 kJ AH=-950 kJ ΔΗ = 575 ΚΙ AH=-825 kJ a. Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction. Label the data points for clarity. The potential energy of the reactants is 600 kJ Reaction Progress b. What is the overall chemical equation? c. What is the overall change in enthalpy for the above chemical reaction? d. What is the overall amount of activation energy for the above chemical reaction? e. Which reaction intermediate would be considered a catalyst (if any) and why? f. If you were to add 2700kJ of energy to the reaction (e.g. 2700 kl of heat or electricity), would you be able to make the reaction reverse itself (i.e. have…

draw the enolate anion and the carbonyl that would be needed to make this product through an aldol addition reaction.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.1DQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The approximations built into valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory has to be listed out and discussed.

Concept introduction:

Valance bond (VBT) theory: This theory explain a chemical bonding theory that explains the bonding between two atoms is caused by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals. The two atoms share each other's unpaired electron to form a filled orbital to form a hybrid orbital and bond together.

Molecular orbital (MO) theory: is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole molecule.

According to this theory there are two types of orbitals,

(1) Bonding orbitals

(2) Antibonding orbitals

Electrons in molecules are filled in accordance with the energy; the anti-bonding orbital has more energy than the bonding orbitals.

The electronic configuration of oxygen molecule O2 can be represented as follows,

(σ1s)2(σ1s)2(σ2s)2(σ2s)2 (σ2p)2( π2p)4( π2p)2 .

The represent the antibonding orbital.

Orbital approximation:

It is mainly applied in polyelectron atoms, in this approximation method; hydrogenic orbitals were filled with electron to construct atomic wave functions.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.1DQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The approximations built into valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory has to be listed out and discussed.

Concept introduction:

Valance bond (VBT) theory: This theory explain a chemical bonding theory that explains the bonding between two atoms is caused by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals. The two atoms share each other's unpaired electron to form a filled orbital to form a hybrid orbital and bond together.

Molecular orbital (MO) theory: is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole molecule.

According to this theory there are two types of orbitals,

(1) Bonding orbitals

(2) Antibonding orbitals

Electrons in molecules are filled in accordance with the energy; the anti-bonding orbital has more energy than the bonding orbitals.

The electronic configuration of oxygen molecule O2 can be represented as follows,

(σ1s)2(σ1s)2(σ2s)2(σ2s)2 (σ2p)2( π2p)4( π2p)2 .

The represent the antibonding orbital.

Orbital approximation:

It is mainly applied in polyelectron atoms, in this approximation method; hydrogenic orbitals were filled with electron to construct atomic wave functions.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.1DQ

Interpretation Introduction