Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified. Concept Introduction: Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Question

(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 89P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β-carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Answer 18

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Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3P Ch. 9.1 - Does increasing the energy barrier for an SN2...Ch. 9.1 - Rank the following alkyl bromides from most...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 8P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 10P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11P Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 12P Ch. 9.2 - Which substitution reaction lakes place more...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 15P

Major elimination product for given reaction if the product exists as stereoisomers is to be identified. Concept Introduction: Zaitsev’s Rule: States that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the β -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Solution Summary: The author explains Zaitsev's rule that the more substituted alkene is obtained when a hydrogen from is removed from the -carbon that is bonded to the fewest hydrogen.

Chapter 9 Solutions