Concept explainers
Prepare an income statement through gross profit for the month ended March 31.

Explanation of Solution
Income statement with variances:
The financial statement which reports revenues and expenses from business operations and the result of those operations as net income or net loss for a particular time period is referred to as income statement. In the income statement with variances, the balance of each variances account indicates the favorable and unfavorable variance at the end of the period.
Gross Profit:
Gross Profit is the difference between the net sales, and the cost of goods sold. Gross profit usually appears on the income statement of the company.
The income statement through gross profit for the month ended March 31 for Company B is as follows:
Company B Income statement through gross profit For the month ended March 31 | |||
Sales | 2,580,000 | ||
Less: Cost of goods sold- at standards (1) | 1,463,625 | ||
Gross profit- at standards | 1,116,375 | ||
Unfavorable $ (a) |
Favorable $ (b) | ||
Less: Variances adjustments to gross profit at standards | |||
Direct materials price (5) | 9,000 | ||
Direct materials quantity (6) | (5,625) | ||
Direct labor rate (8) | (9,270) | ||
Direct labor time (9) | 36,000 | ||
Factory | (1,230) | ||
Factory overhead volume (12) | (2,300) | ||
Net variances from | 26,575 | ||
Gross-profit | 1,089,800 |
Table (1)
Working notes:
(1)To determine the cost of goods sold-at standards:
(2)Determine the direct materials:
(3)Determine the direct labor:
(4)Determine the direct labor:
(5)The direct materials price variance is determined as follows:
(6)The direct materials quantity variance is determined as follows:
(7)Determine the standard direct labor hours:
(8)The direct labor rate variance is determined as follows:
(9)The direct labor time variance is determined as follows:
(10)Determine the standard direct labor hours:
(11)Determine the variable factory overhead controllable variance.
…… (11)
(12) The fixed factory overhead volume variance is determined as follows:
…… (12)
(13)Standard hours for actual units produced are determined as follows:
…… (13)
Therefore the gross profit for Company B is $1,089,800.
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