Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications ( 8th International Edition ) ISBN:9781260091991
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259676512
Author: Kenneth H Rosen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 31SE
Show that every maximal chain in a finite poset (S,?)contains a minimal element of S, (A maximal chain is a chain that is not a subset of a larger chain.)
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications ( 8th International Edition ) ISBN:9781260091991
Ch. 9.1 - t the ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.1 - a) List all the ordered pairs in the relation R =...Ch. 9.1 - each of these relations on the set {1, 2, 3, 4},...Ch. 9.1 - ermine whether the relationRon the set of all...Ch. 9.1 - ermine whether the relationRon the set of all Web...Ch. 9.1 - ermine whether the relationRon the set of all real...Ch. 9.1 - ermine whether the relationRon the set of all...Ch. 9.1 - w that the relationR=Oon a nonempty set S is...Ch. 9.1 - Show that the relationR=on the empty setS=is...Ch. 9.1 - e an example of a relation on a set that is a)...
Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 3 are irreflexive?Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 4 are irreflexive?Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 5 are irreflexive?Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 6 are irreflexive?Ch. 9.1 - Can a relation on a set be neither reflexive nor...Ch. 9.1 - Use quantifiers to express what it means for a...Ch. 9.1 - Give an example of an irreflexive relation on the...Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 3 are asymmetric?Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 4 are asymmetric?Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 5 are asymmetric?Ch. 9.1 - Which relations in Exercise 6 are asymmetric?Ch. 9.1 - Must an asymmetric relation also be antisymmetric?...Ch. 9.1 - Use quantifiers to express what it means for...Ch. 9.1 - Give an example of an asymmetric relation on the...Ch. 9.1 - many different relations are there from a set...Ch. 9.1 - Rbe the relationR={(a,b)ab}on the set of integers....Ch. 9.1 - Rbe the relationR={(a,b) |adividesb} on the set of...Ch. 9.1 - Let R be the relation on the set of all states in...Ch. 9.1 - pose that the functionffromAtoBis a one-to-one...Ch. 9.1 - R1= {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)} andR2= {(1, 1), (1,...Ch. 9.1 - Abe the set of students at your school andBthe set...Ch. 9.1 - Rbe the relation {(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (2,4),...Ch. 9.1 - 33.LetRbe the relation on the set of people...Ch. 9.1 - rcises 34-38 deal with these relations on the set...Ch. 9.1 - rcises 34-38 deal with these relations on the set...Ch. 9.1 - rcises 34-38 deal with these relations on the set...Ch. 9.1 - rcises 34-38 deal with these relations on the set...Ch. 9.1 - rcises 34-38 deal with these relations on the set...Ch. 9.1 - d the relationsS2fori= 1, 2, 3,4, , 6i’here...Ch. 9.1 - Rbe the parent relation on the set of all people...Ch. 9.1 - Rbe the relation on the set of people with...Ch. 9.1 - R1andR2be the divides” and ‘is a multiple of...Ch. 9.1 - R1andR2be the “congruent modulo 3” and the...Ch. 9.1 - List the 16 different relations on the set {0,1}.Ch. 9.1 - How many of the 16 different relations on {0,1}...Ch. 9.1 - ch of the 16 relations on {o, 1}, which you listed...Ch. 9.1 - a) How many relations are there on the set...Ch. 9.1 - S be a set withnelements and letaandbbe distinct...Ch. 9.1 - How many relations are there on a set...Ch. 9.1 - How many transitive relations are there on a set...Ch. 9.1 - d the error in the “proof” of the following...Ch. 9.1 - pose thatRandSare reflexive relations on a setA....Ch. 9.1 - w that the relationRon a setAis symmetric if and...Ch. 9.1 - w that the relationRon a setAis antisymmetric if...Ch. 9.1 - w that the relationRon a setAis reflexive if and...Ch. 9.1 - w that the relationRon a setAis reflexive if and...Ch. 9.1 - Rbe a relation that is reflexive and transitive....Ch. 9.1 - Rbe the relation on the set {1, 2, 3,4 , 5}...Ch. 9.1 - Rbe a reflexive relation on a setA. Show thatRnis...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 60ECh. 9.1 - Suppose that the relationRis irreflexive....Ch. 9.1 - ive a big-O estimate for the number of integer...Ch. 9.2 - List the triples in the relation {(a, b, c)|a,...Ch. 9.2 - ch 4-tuples are in the relation {(a,b, c, d)| a,...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.2 - uming that no newn-tuples are added, find all the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.2 - uming that no new n-tuples are added, find a...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.2 - 5-tuples in a 5-ary relation represent these...Ch. 9.2 - What do you obtain when you apply the selection...Ch. 9.2 - What do you obtain when you apply the selection...Ch. 9.2 - What do you obtain when you apply the selection...Ch. 9.2 - t do you obtain when you apply the selection...Ch. 9.2 - t do you obtain when you apply the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.2 - Display the table produced by applying the...Ch. 9.2 - play the table produced by applying the...Ch. 9.2 - many components are there in then-tuples in the...Ch. 9.2 - Construct the table obtained by applying the join...Ch. 9.2 - w that ifC1andC2are conditions that elements of...Ch. 9.2 - w that if C1andC2are conditions that elements...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.2 - w that ifCis a condition that elements of the nary...Ch. 9.2 - w that ifRandSare bothn-ary relations,...Ch. 9.2 - Give an example to show that ifRandSare bothn-ary...Ch. 9.2 - e an example to show that ifRandSare bothn-ary...Ch. 9.2 - a) What are the operations that correspond to the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.2 - ermine whether there is a primary key for the...Ch. 9.2 - Show that ann-aryrelation with a primary key can...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 9.2 - Show that if an item set is frequent in a set of...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 9.3 - resent each of these relations on {1, 2, 3} with a...Ch. 9.3 - resent each of these relations on {1, 2,3, 4} with...Ch. 9.3 - List the ordered pairs in the relations on {1, 2,...Ch. 9.3 - t the ordered pairs in the relations on {1,2,3,4)...Ch. 9.3 - can the matrix representing a relationRon a setAbe...Ch. 9.3 - can the matrix representing a relationRon a setAbe...Ch. 9.3 - ermine whether the relations represented by the...Ch. 9.3 - Determine whether the relation represented by the...Ch. 9.3 - many nonzero entries does the matrix representing...Ch. 9.3 - many nonzero entries does the matrix representing...Ch. 9.3 - How can the matrixR, the complement of the...Ch. 9.3 - How can the matrix forR1, the inverse of the...Ch. 9.3 - LetRbe the relation represented by the matrix...Ch. 9.3 - R1andR2be relations on a setArepresented by the...Ch. 9.3 - Rbe the relation represented by the matrix...Ch. 9.3 - Rbe a relation on a set A withnelements. If there...Ch. 9.3 - Rbe a relation on a set A withnelements. If there...Ch. 9.3 - Draw the directed graphs representing each of the...Ch. 9.3 - Draw the directed graphs representing each of the...Ch. 9.3 - Draw the directed graph representing each of the...Ch. 9.3 - Draw the directed graph representing each of the...Ch. 9.3 - Draw the directed graph that represents the...Ch. 9.3 - Exercises 23-28 list the ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.3 - Exercises 23-28 list the ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 9.3 - Exercises 23-28 list the ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.3 - can the directed graph of a relationRon a finite...Ch. 9.3 - How can the directed graph of a relationRon finite...Ch. 9.3 - ermine whether the relations represented by the...Ch. 9.3 - ermine whether the relations represented by the...Ch. 9.3 - LetRbe a relation on a setA, Explain how to use...Ch. 9.3 - Rbe a relation on a set A. Explain how to use the...Ch. 9.3 - w that ifMRis the matrix representing the...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.4 - Rbe the relation on the set {o, 1, 2, 3}...Ch. 9.4 - LetRbe the relation{(a,b)ab}on the set of...Ch. 9.4 - Rbe the relation{(a,b)| adividesb} on the set of...Ch. 9.4 - How can the directed graph representing the...Ch. 9.4 - Exercises 5-7 draw the directed graph of the...Ch. 9.4 - Exercises 5-7 draw the directed graph of the...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.4 - How can the directed graph representing the...Ch. 9.4 - d the directed graphs of the symmetric closures of...Ch. 9.4 - Find the smallest relation containing the relation...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.4 - Suppose that the relationRon the finite setAis...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.4 - n is it possible to define the ‘irreflexive...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.4 - Rbe the relation on the set{1,2,3,4,5} containing...Ch. 9.4 - Rbe the relation that contains the pair (a,b)...Ch. 9.4 - Rbe the relation on the set of all students...Ch. 9.4 - Suppose that the relationRis reflexive. Show...Ch. 9.4 - Suppose that the relationRis symmetric. Show...Ch. 9.4 - pose that the relationRis irreflexive. Is the...Ch. 9.4 - Algorithm 1 to find the transitive closures of...Ch. 9.4 - Algorithm 1 to find the transitive closures of...Ch. 9.4 - Use Warshall’s algorithm to find the transitive...Ch. 9.4 - Warshall’s algorithm to find the transitive...Ch. 9.4 - d the smallest relation containing the relation...Ch. 9.4 - Finish the proof of the case whenabin Lemma 1.Ch. 9.4 - orithms have been devised that use Q(n2,8) bit...Ch. 9.4 - Devise an algorithm using the concept of interior...Ch. 9.4 - Adapt Algorithm 1 to find the reflexive closure of...Ch. 9.4 - pt Warshall’s algorithm to find the reflexive...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.5 - Which of these relations on {0, 1, 2,3) are...Ch. 9.5 - ch of these relations on the set of all people are...Ch. 9.5 - ch of these relations on the set of all functions...Ch. 9.5 - ine three equivalence relations on the set of...Ch. 9.5 - Define three equivalence relations on the set of...Ch. 9.5 - ine three equivalence relations on the set of...Ch. 9.5 - Show that the relation of logical equivalence on...Ch. 9.5 - Rbe the relation on the set of all sets of real...Ch. 9.5 - pose thatAis a nonempty set, andfis a function...Ch. 9.5 - pose thatAis a nonempty set andRis an equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - w that the relationRconsisting of all pairs (x, y)...Ch. 9.5 - w that the relationRconsisting of all pairs(x,...Ch. 9.5 - w that the relationRconsisting of all pairs (x, y)...Ch. 9.5 - R be the relation consisting of all pairs (x,y)...Ch. 9.5 - Rbe the relation on the set of ordered pairs of...Ch. 9.5 - Let R be the relation on the set of ordered pairs...Ch. 9.5 - (Requires calculus) a) Show that the relationRon...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.5 - Rbe the relation on the set of all URLs (or Web...Ch. 9.5 - Rbe the relation on the set of all people who have...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.5 - Exercises 21-23 determine whether the relation...Ch. 9.5 - Determine whether the relations represented by...Ch. 9.5 - w that the relationRon the set of all bit stings...Ch. 9.5 - t are the equivalence classes of the equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - t are the equivalence classes of the equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - t are the equivalence classes of the equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - What is the equivalence class of the bit string...Ch. 9.5 - t are the equivalence classes of these bit strings...Ch. 9.5 - What are the equivalence classes of the bit...Ch. 9.5 - What are the equivalence classes of the bit...Ch. 9.5 - t are the equivalence classes of the bit strings...Ch. 9.5 - t are the equivalence classes of the bit strings...Ch. 9.5 - t is the congruence class [n]5(that is, the...Ch. 9.5 - What is the congruence class [4]mwhenmis a) 2? b)...Ch. 9.5 - Give a description of each of the congruence...Ch. 9.5 - t is the equivalence class of each of these...Ch. 9.5 - a) What is the equivalence class of(1,2)with...Ch. 9.5 - a) What is the equivalence class of (1, 2) with...Ch. 9.5 - ch of these collections of subsets are partitions...Ch. 9.5 - ch of these collections of subsets are partitions...Ch. 9.5 - ch of these collections of subsets are partitions...Ch. 9.5 - ch of these collections of subsets are partitions...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 45ECh. 9.5 - ch of these are partitions of the set of real...Ch. 9.5 - t the ordered pairs in the equivalence relations...Ch. 9.5 - t the ordered pairs in the equivalence relations...Ch. 9.5 - w that the partition formed from congruence...Ch. 9.5 - w that the paron of the set of people living in...Ch. 9.5 - w that the partition of the set of bit strings of...Ch. 9.5 - Exercises 52 and 53,Rnrefers to the family of...Ch. 9.5 - Exercises 52 and 53,Rnrefers to the family of...Ch. 9.5 - pose thatR1andR2are equivalence relations on a...Ch. 9.5 - d the smallest equivalence relation on the set...Ch. 9.5 - pose thatR1andR2are equivalence relations on the...Ch. 9.5 - sider the equivalence relation fromExample...Ch. 9.5 - Each bead on a bracelet with three beads is either...Ch. 9.5 - Let R be the relation on the set of all colorings...Ch. 9.5 - a) LetRbe the relation on the set of functions...Ch. 9.5 - Determine the number of different equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - Determine the number of different equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - Do we necessarily get an equivalence relation when...Ch. 9.5 - Do we necessarily get an equivalence relation when...Ch. 9.5 - pose we useTheorem 2to form a partitionP froman...Ch. 9.5 - .Suppose we useTheorem 2to form an equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - ise an algorithm to find the smallest equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - p(n)denote the number of different equivalence...Ch. 9.5 - Use Exercise 68 to find the number of different...Ch. 9.6 - ch of these relations on {0,1,2,3) are partial...Ch. 9.6 - ch of these relations on {0,1,2,3} are partial...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.6 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.6 - ch of these are posets? a)(Z,=) b)(Z,) c)(Z,)...Ch. 9.6 - Which of these are posets?a) (R, =)b) (R,<) c)...Ch. 9.6 - Determine whether the relations represented by...Ch. 9.6 - Determine whether the relations represented by...Ch. 9.6 - Exercises9-11determine whether the relation with...Ch. 9.6 - Exercises9-11determine whether the relation with...Ch. 9.6 - Exercises 9-11 determine whether the relation with...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.6 - d the duals of these posets. a)({0,1,2},) b)(Z,)...Ch. 9.6 - ch of these pairs of elements are comparable in...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.6 - Let S = {1,2,3,4). With respect to the...Ch. 9.6 - d the lexicographic ordering of thesen-tuples: a)...Ch. 9.6 - d the lexicographic ordering of these strings of...Ch. 9.6 - d the lexicographic ordering of the bit strings...Ch. 9.6 - w the Hasse diagram for the greater than or equal...Ch. 9.6 - w the Hasse Diagram for the less than or equal to...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.6 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.6 - w the Hasse diagram for inclusion on the...Ch. 9.6 - Exercises 25-27 list all ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.6 - Exercises 25-27 list all ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.6 - Exercises 25-27 list all ordered pairs in the...Ch. 9.6 - What is the covering relation of the partial...Ch. 9.6 - What is the covering relation of the partial...Ch. 9.6 - What is the covering relation of the partial...Ch. 9.6 - w that a finite poset can be reconstructed from...Ch. 9.6 - wer these questions for the partial order...Ch. 9.6 - wer these questions for the poset ({3, 5,9, 15,...Ch. 9.6 - wer these questions for the poset ({2, 4, 6, 9,...Ch. 9.6 - wer these questions for the poset ({{1}, {2}, {4},...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.6 - Show that lexicographic order is a partial...Ch. 9.6 - w that lexicographic order is a partial ordering...Ch. 9.6 - Suppose that (S,1) and (T,2) are posets. Show...Ch. 9.6 - a) Show that there is exactly one greatest element...Ch. 9.6 - a) Show that there is exactly one maximal element...Ch. 9.6 - a) Show that the least upper bound of a set in a...Ch. 9.6 - Determine whether the posets with these Hasse...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 44ECh. 9.6 - Show that every nonempty finite subset of a...Ch. 9.6 - Show that if the poset (S,R) is a lattice then the...Ch. 9.6 - a company, the lattice model of information flow...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 48ECh. 9.6 - Show that the set of all partitions of a set S...Ch. 9.6 - Show that every totally ordered set is a lattice.Ch. 9.6 - Show that every finite lattice has a least element...Ch. 9.6 - Give an example of an infinite lattice with a)...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 53ECh. 9.6 - ermine whether each of these posets is...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 55ECh. 9.6 - Show that dense poset with at least two elements...Ch. 9.6 - Show that the poset of rational numbers with the...Ch. 9.6 - Show that the set of strings of lowercase English...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 59ECh. 9.6 - w that a finite nonempty poset has a maximal...Ch. 9.6 - Find a compatible total order for the poset with...Ch. 9.6 - d a compatible total order for the divisibility...Ch. 9.6 - Find all compatible total orderings for the poset...Ch. 9.6 - Find all compatible total orderings for the poset...Ch. 9.6 - Find all possible orders for completing the tasks...Ch. 9.6 - Schedule the tasks needed to build a house, by...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 67ECh. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 - a) What is a reflexive relation? b) What is a...Ch. 9 - e an example of a relation on the set {1, 2,3,4}...Ch. 9 - a) How many reflexive relations are there on a set...Ch. 9 - a) Explain how ann-ary relation can be used to...Ch. 9 - a) Explain how to use a zero-one matrix to...Ch. 9 - a) Explain how to use a directed graph to...Ch. 9 - a) Define the reflexive closure and the symmetric...Ch. 9 - a) Define the transitive closure of a relation. b)...Ch. 9 - a) Define an equivalence relation. b) Which...Ch. 9 - a) Show that congruence modulo in is an...Ch. 9 - a) What are the equivalence classes of an...Ch. 9 - lain the relationship between equivalence...Ch. 9 - a) Define a partial ordering. b) Show that the...Ch. 9 - Explain how partial orderings on the...Ch. 9 - a) Explain how to construct the Hasse diagram of a...Ch. 9 - a) Define a maximal element of a poset and the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 18RQCh. 9 - a) Show that every finite subset of a lattice has...Ch. 9 - a) Define a well-ordered set. b) Describe an...Ch. 9 - Let S be the set of all stings of English leers....Ch. 9 - struct a relation on the set {a,b, c, d} that is...Ch. 9 - Show that the relationRonZZdefined by (a, b)R(c,...Ch. 9 - w that a subset of an antisymmetric relation is...Ch. 9 - LetRbe a reflexive relation on a setA. Show...Ch. 9 - Suppose thatR1andR2are reflexive relations on a...Ch. 9 - pose thatR1andR2are reflexive relations on a...Ch. 9 - Suppose that R is a symmetric relation on a set A....Ch. 9 - R1andR2be symmetric relations. IsR1R2also...Ch. 9 - A relationRis called circular ifaRbandbRcimply...Ch. 9 - Show that a primary key in ann-ary relation is a...Ch. 9 - Is the primary key in ann-ary relation also a...Ch. 9 - Show that the reflexive closure of the symmetric...Ch. 9 - Rbe the relation on the set of all mathematicians...Ch. 9 - a) Give an example to show that the transitive...Ch. 9 - a) LetSbe the set of subroutines of a computer...Ch. 9 - pose thatRandSare relations on a set A withRSsuch...Ch. 9 - Show that the symmetric closure of the union of...Ch. 9 - Devise an algorithm, based on the concept of...Ch. 9 - ch of these are equivalence relations on the set...Ch. 9 - How many different equivalence relations with...Ch. 9 - Show that{(x,y)xyQ}is an equivalence relation on...Ch. 9 - pose thatP1={A1,A2,....Am}andP2={B1,B2,....Bm}are...Ch. 9 - Prob. 24SECh. 9 - Prob. 25SECh. 9 - Let P(S) be thesetof all partitions of the set S....Ch. 9 - edule the tasks needed to cook a Chinese meal by...Ch. 9 - Find all chains in the posets with the Hass...Ch. 9 - Prob. 29SECh. 9 - Find an antichain with the greatest number of...Ch. 9 - Show that every maximal chain in a finite poset...Ch. 9 - Prob. 32SECh. 9 - w that in any group ofmn+1people there is either a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 34SECh. 9 - Prob. 35SECh. 9 - Prob. 36SECh. 9 - Prob. 37SECh. 9 - LetRbe a quasi-ordering and let S be the relation...Ch. 9 - w that the following properties hold for all...Ch. 9 - w that ifxandyare elements of a...Ch. 9 - w that ifLis a bounded lattice with upper bound 1...Ch. 9 - w that every finite lattice is bounded. A lattice...Ch. 9 - Give an example of a lattice that is not...Ch. 9 - Show that the lattice(P(S),)whereP(S) is the power...Ch. 9 - the lattice (Z+,)distributive? The complement of...Ch. 9 - Give an example of a finite lattice where at least...Ch. 9 - w that the lattice(P(S))whereP(S)is the power set...Ch. 9 - Show that ifLis a finite distributive lattice,...Ch. 9 - w that the game of Chomp with cookies arranged in...Ch. 9 - w that if(S,)has a greatest elementb,then a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1CPCh. 9 - Prob. 2CPCh. 9 - Prob. 3CPCh. 9 - Prob. 4CPCh. 9 - Prob. 5CPCh. 9 - Prob. 6CPCh. 9 - Prob. 7CPCh. 9 - Prob. 8CPCh. 9 - Prob. 9CPCh. 9 - Given the matrix representing relation on a finite...Ch. 9 - Prob. 11CPCh. 9 - en the matrix representing a relation on a finite...Ch. 9 - Given the matrix representing a relation on a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 14CPCh. 9 - Prob. 15CPCh. 9 - Prob. 1CAECh. 9 - Prob. 2CAECh. 9 - Prob. 3CAECh. 9 - Prob. 4CAECh. 9 - d the transitive closure of a relation of your...Ch. 9 - pute the number of different equivalence relations...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7CAECh. 9 - Prob. 8CAECh. 9 - Prob. 9CAECh. 9 - Discuss the concept of a fuzzy relation. How are...Ch. 9 - cribe the basic principles of relational...Ch. 9 - Explain how the Apriori algorithm is used to find...Ch. 9 - Describe some applications of association rules in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5WPCh. 9 - Prob. 6WPCh. 9 - Prob. 7WPCh. 9 - Prob. 8WPCh. 9 - Prob. 9WPCh. 9 - Prob. 10WPCh. 9 - Prob. 11WPCh. 9 - Prob. 12WP
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- a -> f(x) = f(x) = [x] show that whether f is continuous function or not(by using theorem) Muslim_mathsarrow_forwardUse Green's Theorem to evaluate F. dr, where F = (√+4y, 2x + √√) and C consists of the arc of the curve y = 4x - x² from (0,0) to (4,0) and the line segment from (4,0) to (0,0).arrow_forwardWhen a tennis player serves, he gets two chances to serve in bounds. If he fails to do so twice, he loses the point. If he attempts to serve an ace, he serves in bounds with probability 3/8.If he serves a lob, he serves in bounds with probability 7/8. If he serves an ace in bounds, he wins the point with probability 2/3. With an in-bounds lob, he wins the point with probability 1/3. If the cost is '+1' for each point lost and '-1' for each point won, the problem is to determine the optimal serving strategy to minimize the (long-run)expected average cost per point. (Hint: Let state 0 denote point over,two serves to go on next point; and let state 1 denote one serve left. (1). Formulate this problem as a Markov decision process by identifying the states and decisions and then finding the Cik. (2). Draw the corresponding state action diagram. (3). List all possible (stationary deterministic) policies. (4). For each policy, find the transition matrix and write an expression for the…arrow_forward
- During each time period, a potential customer arrives at a restaurant with probability 1/2. If there are already two people at the restaurant (including the one being served), the potential customer leaves the restaurant immediately and never returns. However, if there is one person or less, he enters the restaurant and becomes an actual customer. The manager has two types of service configurations available. At the beginning of each period, a decision must be made on which configuration to use. If she uses her "slow" configuration at a cost of $3 and any customers are present during the period, one customer will be served and leave with probability 3/5. If she uses her "fast" configuration at a cost of $9 and any customers are present during the period, one customer will be served and leave with probability 4/5. The probability of more than one customer arriving or more than one customer being served in a period is zero. A profit of $50 is earned when a customer is served. The manager…arrow_forwardEvery Saturday night a man plays poker at his home with the same group of friends. If he provides refreshments for the group (at an expected cost of $14) on any given Saturday night, the group will begin the following Saturday night in a good mood with probability 7/8 and in a bad mood with probability 1/8. However, if he fail to provide refreshments, the group will begin the following Saturday night in a good mood with probability 1/8 and in a bad mood with probability 7/8 regardless of their mood this Saturday. Furthermore, if the group begins the night in a bad mood and then he fails to provide refreshments, the group will gang up on him so that he incurs expected poker losses of $75. Under other circumstances he averages no gain or loss on his poker play. The man wishes to find the policy regarding when to provide refreshments that will minimize his (long-run) expected average cost per week. (1). Formulate this problem as a Markov decision process by identifying the states and…arrow_forwardThis year Amanda decides to invest in two different no-load mutual funds: the G Fund or the L Mutual Fund. At the end of each year, she liquidates her holdings, takes her profits, and then reinvests. The yearly profits of the mutual funds depend on where the market stood at the end of the preceding year. Recently the market has been oscillating around level 2 from one year end to the next, according to the probabilities given in the following transition matrix : L1 L2 L3 L1 0.2 0.4 0.4 L2 0.1 0.4 0.5 L3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Each year that the market moves up (down) 1 level, the G Fund has profits (losses) of $20k, while the L Fund has profits (losses) of $10k. If the market moves up (down) 2 level in a year, the G Fund has profits (losses) of $50k, while the L Fund has profits (losses) of only $20k. If the market does not change, there is no profit or loss for either fund. Amanda wishes to determine her optimal investment policy in order to maximize her (long-run) expected average profit per…arrow_forward
- A researcher wishes to estimate, with 90% confidence, the population proportion of adults who support labeling legislation for genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Her estimate must be accurate within 4% of the true proportion. (a) No preliminary estimate is available. Find the minimum sample size needed. (b) Find the minimum sample size needed, using a prior study that found that 65% of the respondents said they support labeling legislation for GMOs. (c) Compare the results from parts (a) and (b). ... (a) What is the minimum sample size needed assuming that no prior information is available? n = (Round up to the nearest whole number as needed.)arrow_forwardThe table available below shows the costs per mile (in cents) for a sample of automobiles. At a = 0.05, can you conclude that at least one mean cost per mile is different from the others? Click on the icon to view the data table. Let Hss, HMS, HLS, Hsuv and Hмy represent the mean costs per mile for small sedans, medium sedans, large sedans, SUV 4WDs, and minivans respectively. What are the hypotheses for this test? OA. Ho: Not all the means are equal. Ha Hss HMS HLS HSUV HMV B. Ho Hss HMS HLS HSUV = μMV Ha: Hss *HMS *HLS*HSUV * HMV C. Ho Hss HMS HLS HSUV =μMV = = H: Not all the means are equal. D. Ho Hss HMS HLS HSUV HMV Ha Hss HMS HLS =HSUV = HMVarrow_forwardQuestion: A company launches two different marketing campaigns to promote the same product in two different regions. After one month, the company collects the sales data (in units sold) from both regions to compare the effectiveness of the campaigns. The company wants to determine whether there is a significant difference in the mean sales between the two regions. Perform a two sample T-test You can provide your answer by inserting a text box and the answer must include: Null hypothesis, Alternative hypothesis, Show answer (output table/summary table), and Conclusion based on the P value. (2 points = 0.5 x 4 Answers) Each of these is worth 0.5 points. However, showing the calculation is must. If calculation is missing, the whole answer won't get any credit.arrow_forward
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