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What is/are the main component(s) of chromosomes?
- DNA only
- RNA only
- proteins only
- DNA and proteins
- DNA and RNA
Introduction:
There are a variety of living organisms that are present in the environment. The cell organelle that contains the genetic material is known as the nucleus. The genes carry the genetic information of an individual, and these are present in a chromosome.
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option d) DNA and proteins.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) DNA and proteins. Chromosomes are present in eukaryotic organisms. They are “thread-like” in appearance. The genetic material that mostly occurs is known as DNA. DNA coils over the proteins called histones forming chromatin. The chromatin, in turn, condenses to form specifically shaped chromosomes. So, the correct answer is option (d).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) DNA only. A chromosome consists of DNA units. However, it is not the only constituent present in the chromosome. It also contains certain proteins known as histones. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) RNA only. RNA is not the component of the chromosomes. The two important constituents of chromosomes are DNA and proteins. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (c) proteins only. Proteins are not genetic material. Genes that carry the genetic material are located on the DNA, but proteins help in the coiling of the DNA. However, chromosomes are not only made up of proteins. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (e) DNA and RNA. DNA is an important consistent of the chromosome. However, it does not contain RNA molecules. There must be some component that allows the strand of DNA to get condensed to form a chromosome however, proteins are needed. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Therefore, the two important constituents of chromosomes are DNA and proteins (in the form of histone). It stores genetic information and helps in the normal functioning of a cell. Hence, the correct answer is option (d) DNA and proteins.
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