Economics: Private and Public Choice
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781337642224
Author: James D. Gwartney; Richard L. Stroup; Russell S. Sobel
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Question
Chapter 9, Problem 1CQ
To determine
Explain the reason why the aggregate
Expert Solution & Answer
Explanation of Solution
The components of the aggregate demand are consumption, investment, government spending, and net export. The aggregate demand is determined by the price of the commodity. If the price of a commodity increases, the consumer will consume some other products or reduce their expenditure. If the expenditure reduces, the overall consumption will decrease. A decrease in the price level will result in an increase in consumption. Therefore, the aggregate demand curve shows the inverse relationship between the price level and the quantity.
The inverse relationship between the aggregate demand curves that are different from the demand curve of specific good is that, if the price level increases in aggregate goods, it causes a price level increase in the entire economy, but in the case of a single commodity, the price increase will result in an increase in the price of a specific good only, which would not affect the entire economy.
Economics Concept Introduction
Aggregate demand curve: The aggregate demand curve shows the combination of the negative relationship between the prices level and the quantity as a whole.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Economics: Private and Public Choice
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- The diagram below shows various points on three aggregate demand (AD) curves. A decrease in the price level will produce a movement between which of the following two points on the diagram above? From point X to point Y From point W to point Y From point W to point Z From point Z to point Y From point Y to point Zarrow_forwardDescribe the change in aggregate supply that should result from each of the following changes in determinants. Assume that nothing else is changing besides the identified change. (In your answer, indicate whether the change will "Decrease" or "Increase" aggregate supply or have no effect.) (a) A rise in the average price of inputs; (b) An increase in worker productivity; (c) Government antipollution regulations become stricter; (d) A new subsidy program is enacted for new business investment in productive equipment; (e) Energy prices decline.arrow_forward"The demand curves for all products have negative slopes. For instance, the demand curves for milk,automobiles, personal computers, and shirts all have negative slopes. Therefore, because the aggregate demand curve shows the demand for all products, it too must have a negative slope. " Comment on this assertion.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements best describes the aggregate supply curve? A) The aggregate supply curve represents the relationship between the price level and the total output or real GDP in the macroeconomy. B) The aggregate supply curve represents the relationship between the inflation rate and the total output or real GDP in the macroeconomy. C) The aggregate supply curve represents the relationship between the inflation rate and the total demand or real GDP in the macroeconomy. D) The aggregate supply curve represents the relationship between the price level and the potential output or GDP in the macroeconomy.arrow_forwardUse the following graph to answer the following questions. Line Y Price level (P) 100 80 B Line Z Line X2 Line X1 Real GDP (3) If point A occurs chronologically before point B, then this graph could represent a decrease in aggregate demand with a decrease in long-run and short-run aggregate supply. a decrease in aggregate demand with constant long-run and short-run aggregate supply. constant aggregate demand with a decline in long-run aggregate supply. an increase in aggregate demand with constant long-run and short-run aggregate supply. constant aggregate demand with a decline in short-run aggregate supply.arrow_forwardWhat effect would an increase in aggregate supply have on price levels and GDP?arrow_forward
- The following graph shows a decrease in aggregate demand (AD) in a hypothetical country. Specifically, aggregate demand shifts to the left from AD1AD1 to AD2AD2, causing the quantity of output demanded to fall at all price levels. For example, at a price level of 140, output is now $200 billion, where previously it was $300 billion. The following table lists several determinants of aggregate demand. Complete the table by indicating the change in each determinant necessary to decrease aggregate demand. Change needed to decrease AD Wealth (increase/ decrease) Taxes (increase/ decrease) Expected rate of return on investment (increase/ decrease) Incomes in other countries (increase/ decrease)arrow_forwardThe curve of Aggregate Demand or aggregate demand has a negative slope. Explain why the aggregate demand curve can have a negative slope.arrow_forwardThe following table lists several determinants of aggregate supply. Fill in the table by indicating the changes in the determinants necessary to increase aggregate supply. Determinant Prices of Nonlabor Inputs Productivity Nominal Wage Rate Change Needed to Increase Short-Run Aggregate Supplyarrow_forward
- The following graph plots aggregate demand (AD2027AD2027) and aggregate supply (AS) for the imaginary country of Cotopaxi in the year 2027. Suppose the natural level of output in this economy is $6 trillion. On the following graph, use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve for this economy. Economists forecast that if the government takes no action and the economy continues to grow at the current rate, aggregate demand in 2028 will be given by the curve labeled ADAADA, resulting in the outcome given by point A. If, however, the government pursues an expansionary policy, aggregate demand in 2028 will be given by the curve labeled ADBADB, resulting in the outcome given by point B. The following table presents projections for the unemployment rates that would occur at point A and point B. Consider the potential rate of inflation between 2027 and 2028, depending on whether the economy moves from the initial price level of 102 to the…arrow_forwardDeterminants of aggregate demand The following graph shows a decrease in aggregate demand (AD) in a hypothetical country. Specifically, aggregate demand shifts to the left from AD1AD1 to AD2AD2, causing the quantity of output demanded to fall at all price levels. For example, at a price level of 140, output is now $200 billion, where previously it was $300 billion.arrow_forwardWhat are three factors that help explain the slope of the aggregate demand curve? What is the most important factor? Why?arrow_forward
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