Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 12TYU
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason why only some plant cells have chloroplast, but all actively
Introduction: Photosynthesis is a process by which carbon dioxide and water are broken down to produce glucose molecules using energy from sunlight. During this process, oxygen gas is evolved. The reactions of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplast of the plant cell, which contains the green pigment chlorophyll.
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Consider the structures and functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts. For each of the statements below, identify which part(s) of the chloroplast or mitochondrion (identified by letters in the figure below) are described. Some answers may include more than 1 letter. In those cases, separate the letters by a single space (eg. c g)
Electron transport chains are located in ------
Photosystem I and II are located in -------
Ubiquinone is located in -------
NADPH is produced in ------
Pyruvate oxidation takes place in ------
ATP is produced in ------
NAD+ is produced in -----
High H+ concentration is produced in -----
O2 is produced in -----
RuBP is produced in ------
Give an example of two types of plant cells that lack chloroplasts. How do plant cells that lack chloroplasts produce the ATP they need? Do plant cells that contain chloroplasts also contain mitochondria?
Only some plant cells have chloroplasts, but all actively metabolizing plant cells have mitochondria. Why?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9.1 - Describe the physical properties of light and...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 9.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 9.2 - Diagram the internal structure of a chloroplast...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 9.2 - What is the significance that the combined...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 9.3 - Describe photosynthesis as a redox process.Ch. 9.3 - Distinguish between the light-dependent reactions...
Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 9.3 - In what ways do the carbon fixation reactions...Ch. 9.4 - Describe the flow of electrons through...Ch. 9.4 - Explain how a proton (H+) gradient is established...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 9.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 9.4 - PREDICT Can cyclic electron transport alone...Ch. 9.5 - Summarize the three phases of the Calvin cycle and...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 9.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 9.5 - Describe what happens in each of the three phases...Ch. 9.5 - A decrease in entropy occurs during the CO2 uptake...Ch. 9.5 - In what ways does photorespiration differ from...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 9.6 - Prob. 11LOCh. 9.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 9.7 - State the importance of photosynthesis both in a...Ch. 9.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 9.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 9 - Where is chlorophyll located in the chloroplast?...Ch. 9 - In photolysis some of the energy captured by...Ch. 9 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 9 - In ________, electrons that have been energized by...Ch. 9 - The Calvin cycle begins when CO2 reacts with (a)...Ch. 9 - The enzyme directly responsible for almost all...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - An organism characterized as a photoautotroph...Ch. 9 - VISUALIZE Draw a simple sketch illustrating a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 9 - CONNECT High-energy electrons from glucose are...Ch. 9 - PREDICT What would life be like for...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION LINK Propose an explanation for...Ch. 9 - INTERPRET DATA The figure depicts the absorption...Ch. 9 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOAETY What strategies...
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- The thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast has features similar to the mitochondrial inner membrane. Which of these features is NOT a common feature? has photosensitive pigments has ATP synthase enzyme embedded in the membrane has limited permeability to protons is made of phospholipids is embedded with electron transport chain proteins.arrow_forwardThe above product water molecules are generated in which eukaryotic cell compartment?A. the mitochondrial matrix (site of the Krebs cycle)B. the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts (site of photosystems I and II)C. the chloroplast stroma (site of the Calvin cycle)D. the inner mitochondrial membrane (site of electron transport)E. the cytoplasm (site of glycolysis)arrow_forwardThe diagram in Figure 5 below summarizes the electron-transport chain, which is a stage of cell respiration. Letters A. B and C represent electron carriers. 5) Hydrogen ions NADH + H* Oxidised A Reduced B Oxidised C Electrons XXXX NAD+ Reduced A Oxidised B Reduced B Figure 5 i) Explain what is happening to the electrons and hydrogen ions from carriers A to C. ii) What is happening to the electrons and hydrogens at the end of this stage? ii) State where in the mitochondrion is the electron transport chain situated? iv) Name ONE process that produces NADH + H"? How does the electron transport chain contribute to the production of ATP? v)arrow_forward
- compare and contrast chloroplastss and mitochonndria from teh perspective of : organization of their electron transportation systems (z-scheme versus ETC)arrow_forwardEukaryotic chloroplasts generate exactly how many product molecules, in their consumption of six substrate carbon dioxide molecules and twelve water molecules, during oxygenic photosynthesis? twelve C6H12O6 molecules, six H2O molecules, and three CO2 molecules are produced one C6H12O6 molecule, six H2O molecules, and six O2 molecules are produced six C6H12O6 molecules, three H2O molecules, and six CO2 molecules are produced twelve H2O molecules and six O2 molecules are produced six H2O molecules and twelve CO2 molecules are producedarrow_forwardATP energy molecules are synthesized during the oxidative phosphorylation of cellular respiration in mitochondria and the light reaction of photosynthesis in chloroplasts. Using the diagram below as a guide, compare and contrast the mechanisms of ATP synthesis in the two processes.arrow_forward
- explain why the statement is correct. Within the eukaryotic cell, most of the energy stored in ATP is produced through the: mitochondrion completing the oxidation of pyruvate (3 carbon chains)arrow_forwardWhich of the following does NOT apply to chloroplasts? They contain an internal membrane system consisting of thylakoids They contain chlorophyll and the enzymes required for photosynthesis They are bounded by two membranes, the inner of which is folded into the cristae They synthesize ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and Pi (inorganic phosphate)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements incorrectly describes the structure of a chloroplast? A chloroplast has both an outer membrane and an inner membrane, often separated by a narrow intermembrane space. The inner membrane of the chloroplast encloses the stoma, a dense fluid filled with enzymes needed for photosynthesis. A chloroplast contains thylakoids, which are flat, saclike structures suspended in the stroma. Thylakoids of a chloroplast are arranged into stacks called grana.arrow_forward
- In chloroplasts, protons are pumped out of thestroma across the thylakoid membrane, whereas in mito-chondria, they are pumped out of the matrix across thecrista membrane. Explain how this arrangement allowschloroplasts to generate a larger proton gradient acrossthe thylakoid membrane than mitochondria can generateacross the inner membrane.arrow_forwardPlant cells can perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. These two processes depend upon each other. Describe in detail the relationship between water and oxygen gas in plant cells. Include a description of the processes in which each is used and give the name of the organelle where each of these processes occurs.arrow_forwardUnlike mitochondria, chloroplasts do not have a transporter that allows them to export ATP to the cytosol. How, then, do plant cells obtain the ATP that they need to carry out energy- requiring metabolic reactions in the cytosol?arrow_forward
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