Anatomy & Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321861580
Author: Marieb, Elaine N.
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 11RQ
The ions that enter the skeletal muscle cell during the generation of an action potential are (a) calcium ions, (b) chloride ions, (c) sodium ions, (d) potassium ions.
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The three key ions in muscular contractions are ....
A) sodium, calcium, chloride
B) calcium, sodium, phosphate
C) calcium, chloride, potassium
D) sodium, potassium, calcium
(a) Describe the roles of ATP in the sliding filament mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
(b) Describe the basic sequence of events that occurs as an action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction and is transmitted to the muscle cell for contraction.
In skeletal muscle, the sarcolemma is directly covered by:
a) epimysium.
b) perimysium.
c) endomysium.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 9 - When describing muscle, what does striated mean?Ch. 9 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 9 - How does the term epimysium relate to the role and...Ch. 9 - Which myofilaments have binding sites for calcium?...Ch. 9 - Which region or organelle-cytosol, mitochondrion,...Ch. 9 - What are the three structural components of a...Ch. 9 - What is the final trigger for contraction? What is...Ch. 9 - What prevents the filaments from sliding back to...Ch. 9 - What would happen if a muscle fiber suddenly ran...Ch. 9 - What is a motor unit?
Ch. 9 - What is happening in the muscle during the latent...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 9 - When Eric returned from jogging, he was breathing...Ch. 9 - List two factors that influence contractile force...Ch. 9 - Prob. 15CYUCh. 9 - How do aerobic and resistance exercise differ in...Ch. 9 - Compare the structures of skeletal and smooth...Ch. 9 - Calcium is the trigger for contraction of all...Ch. 9 - How does the stress-relaxation response suit the...Ch. 9 - The connective tissue covering that encloses the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2RQCh. 9 - Prob. 3RQCh. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Contraction elicited by a single brief stimulus is...Ch. 9 - A smooth, sustained contraction resulting from...Ch. 9 - Characteristics of isometric contractions include...Ch. 9 - During muscle contraction, ATP is provided by (a)...Ch. 9 - The neurotransmitter released by somatic motor...Ch. 9 - The ions that enter the skeletal muscle cell...Ch. 9 - Myoglobin has a special function in muscle tissue....Ch. 9 - 13. Aerobic exercise results in all of the...Ch. 9 - The smooth muscle type found in the walls of...Ch. 9 - Name and describe the four special functional...Ch. 9 - Distinguish between (a) direct and indirect muscle...Ch. 9 - (a) Describe the structure of a sarcomere and...Ch. 9 - What is the importance of acetylcholinesterase in...Ch. 9 - Explain how a slight (but smooth) contraction...Ch. 9 - Explain what is meant by the term...Ch. 9 - Define and draw a motor unit.Ch. 9 - Describe the three distinct types of skeletal...Ch. 9 - True or false: Most muscles contain a predominance...Ch. 9 - Describe some cause(s) of muscle fatigue and...Ch. 9 - Define EPOC.Ch. 9 - Smooth muscle has some unique properties, such as...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...
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- How does a muscle fiber incur an oxygen debt?arrow_forwardIn a general sense, how do skeletal muscles produce movement?arrow_forwardFigure 13.22 To what structures in a skeletal muscle are the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium comparable? Figure 13.22 Close-Up of Nerve Trunk Zoom in on this slide of a nerve trunk to examine the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium in greater detail (tissue source: simian). LM × 1600. (Micrograph provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School © 2012)arrow_forward
- What are the structural and functional differences between slow and fast muscle?arrow_forward3) List and define the organizational structure of skeletal muscle beginning with the sacrcomere up ABC to a whole muscle. 4) Explain the differences between the zones and bands of a sarcomere. 5) List and explain the differences between contractile and non-contractile proteins. 6) What are the agonists, synergists, and antagonists to go from sitting to standing from a chair. 7) Provide an every day example of each of the 3 types of muscle actions. Name the muscle involved as well as the movement. 8) Why do we store energy as ATP and resynthesize it, instead of just storing all we need. 9) What are the differences between resting, steady state, and maximal metabolic rate? 10) Why would someone measure arm circumference? How would that be helpful? 11) MRI results in a grayscale of 0 (black) to 256 (white) for each pixel of tissue. How do we tell the difference between different types of tissue in the cross section of a limb (arm or leg, e.g. what's the difference between muscle and fat,…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true when comparing slow twitch red and fast twitch white muscle fibers? Question 2 options: a) Red contain more mitochondria than white b) Red contain more myoglobin than white c) Red contracts more slowly than white d) Red contain more glycogen stores than whitearrow_forward
- The greater the number of _________ involved in a motor unit, the ________ the degree of fine muscle control. Question 9 options: a) muscle fibers............less b) ligand gated channels………….less c) layers of epimysium.........less d) muscle fibers............greaterarrow_forwarda) What happened to the number of fibers contracting as you increased the voltage? b) In light of the "all or none" law of muscle contraction, how can you explain the graded response?arrow_forwarda) Describe how the isolated muscle behaved as it was stretched progressively. b) What effect does stretching the muscle have on contraction strength? Is this effect linear? c) What stretch resulted in the highest contraction force? What happens to the muscle at the highest stretch levels?arrow_forward
- Skeletal muscle contraction is influenced by A) frequency of stimulation B) calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum C) dihydropyridine receptors D) ryanodine receptors E) all of the abovearrow_forwardWhat would happen without input from gamma motor neurons? A) Information about velocity would continue, but information about length would no longer be possible. B) The spindles would be unable to provide feedback as the muscle contracted. C) Neither the intrafusal nor extrafusal fibers would contract. D) The extrafusal fibers would not contract, but the intrafusal fibers would continue to contract.arrow_forwardContraction elicited by a single brief stimulus is called (a) a twitch, (b) wave summation, (c) multiple motor unit summation, (d) fused tetanus.arrow_forward
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