Chapter 9, Problem 101E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The most easily oxidized element on the basis of periodic trends is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction: Elements are arranged on the basis of their increasing atomic numbers in the periodic table.

From the periodic table, properties like physical, chemical can be determined.

Period refers to horizontal rows in the periodic table and group refers to the vertical columns in the periodic table.

Atomic size is the distance between the valence electrons and the nucleus.

Across the period in the periodic table, electrons occupy orbitals within the same principal quantum number.

Principal quantum number determines the size of an orbital.

Across the period, the number of electrons in the nucleus increases.

The increase in protons pulls the electrons from the nucleus and as a result atomic size decreases along the period.

Down the group in the periodic table, the principal quantum number increases.

With the increase in quantum number, the electrons occupy the orbital are away from the nucleus.

As a result, atomic size increases down the group.