Chapter 9, Problem 100AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure and geometry of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ is to be shown, the hybridization state of aluminum in ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ is to be described, and whether the molecules ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ possess dipole moment or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Hybrid orbital theory is based upon the formation of hybrid orbitals by the mixing of atomic orbitals.

To explain bonding by hybrid orbitals, the number of electrons around the central atom is determined by drawing the Lewis structure of the molecule.

The ground state orbital diagram for the central atom is drawn.

Excitation of electrons to higher orbitals occurs to get the highest number of unpaired electrons.

The required number of hybrid orbitals are combined to obtain the hybridization of the central atom.

Electron domain is the bond pair and lone pair of electrons around the central atom.