The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The curved arrows for the given conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 is to be interpreted. Concept introduction: Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reactions that mainly occur with the formation of a carbocation.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8.5, Problem 11ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The curved arrows for the given conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reactions that mainly occur with the formation of a carbocation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The reason for the rearrangement of tertiary carbocation (structure 2) to secondary carbocation (structure 3) is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reaction that mainly occurs with the formation of a carbocation.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8.5, Problem 11ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The curved arrows for the given conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reactions that mainly occur with the formation of a carbocation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The reason for the rearrangement of tertiary carbocation (structure 2) to secondary carbocation (structure 3) is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reaction that mainly occurs with the formation of a carbocation.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8.5, Problem 11ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The curved arrows for the given conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reactions that mainly occur with the formation of a carbocation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The conversion of compound 1 to compound 4 occurs with the formation of carbocation as an intermediate. The reason for the rearrangement of tertiary carbocation (structure 2) to secondary carbocation (structure 3) is to be interpreted.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The presence of pi bonds in these molecules makes them more reactive compared to saturated hydrocarbons; alkanes. The most common chemical reaction of alkenes is the addition reaction that mainly occurs with the formation of a carbocation.

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8.5, Problem 11ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction