Anatomy and Physiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260256000
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 8.2, Problem 6BYGO
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The most complicated structures are seen in the human skull. There are two parts in the skull namely facial skeleton and neurocranium. The brain is secured by the cranial cavity, which is formed by the neurocranium. The facial skeleton bears the structures of the face. The mandible is the only moveable part of the skull.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 8 Solutions
Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 8.1 - Name the major components of the axial skeleton....Ch. 8.1 - Explain why an adult doesnot have asmany bones as...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 8.1 - The difference between the axial and appendicular...Ch. 8.1 - The typical number of named bones in an adult; why...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 8.1 - Names of the various outgrowths, depressions,...Ch. 8.2 - Name the paranasal sinuses and state their...Ch. 8.2 - Explain the difference Between a cranial bone and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 6BYGO
Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 8.2 - The collective function of the skull foramina; the...Ch. 8.2 - Major features of the cranium; the difference...Ch. 8.2 - Names of the six different cranial bones; which...Ch. 8.2 - The location and extent of the frontal bone; the...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 8.2 - The location and extent of the occipital boor, its...Ch. 8.2 - The location and extent of the sphenoid bone; its...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 15AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 16AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 17AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 18AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 19AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 20AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 21AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 22AYLOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 23AYLOCh. 8.2 - Names and locations of the fontanelles of the...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 8.3 - Distinguish between true, false, aid floating...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 8.3 - Features of a typical vertebraCh. 8.3 - The five classes of vertebrae and the number of...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 8.3 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 8.3 - Which ribs differ from that typical anatomy, and...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 16AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 8.4 - What three bones meet at the elbow? Identify the...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 8.4 - Names and locations of the 4 bones of the pectoral...Ch. 8.4 - Names of the joints at which the humerus...Ch. 8.4 - Features of the clavicle, including the sternal...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 8.4 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 20BYGOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 24BYGOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 25BYGOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 8.5 - Three childhood bones that fuse to form each adult...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 8.5 - Names of the four regions of the lower limb and...Ch. 8.5 - Features of the femur, including the head, neck,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 8.5 - Features of the tibia, including the lateral and...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 8.5 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 8.5 - Why the elbows and knees flex in opposite...Ch. 8.5 - Names and locations of the three foot archesCh. 8 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 8 - All of the following are groups of vertebrae...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 8 - The tubercle of a rib articulates with a. the...Ch. 8 - The disc-shaped head of the radius articulates...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 8 - The external auditory canal is a passage in the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 8 - The __________ bone has greater and lesser wings...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 8 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 8 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 8 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 8 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 8 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 8 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 8 - Prob. 6WWTSCh. 8 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 8 - The most frequently broken bone is the humerus.Ch. 8 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 8 - Sesamoid bones are found along the sutures between...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 8 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 8 - Between any two of the unfused vertebrae (cervical...Ch. 8 - In adolescents, trauma sometimes separates the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5TYC
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