Chapter 8, Problem 8.FE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mass balance for ${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ in water has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Mass balance:

The amount of all the species in a solution containing a particular atom (or a group of atoms) must equal the amount of that atom (or group) delivered to the solution.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mass balances for the given species has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Mass balance:

The amount of all the species in a solution containing a particular atom (or a group of atoms) must equal the amount of that atom (or group) delivered to the solution.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The charge balance for the species given in part (b) has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Charge balance:

The overall positive charges in solution equals the overall negative charges in solution.

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{n}}_{\text{1}}\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{1}}\right]\text{+}{\text{n}}_{\text{2}}\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}\right]\text{+}\mathrm{......}\text{=}{\text{m}}_{\text{1}}\left[{\text{A}}_{\text{1}}\right]\text{+}{\text{m}}_{\text{2}}\left[{\text{A}}_{\text{2}}\right]\text{+}\mathrm{......}\\ \text{where,}\\ \left[\text{C}\right]\text{-}\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{a}\text{cation}\text{and}\text{n-}\text{charge}\text{of}\text{the}\text{cation}\text{.}\\ \left[\text{A}\right]\text{-}\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{a}\text{anion}\text{and}\text{m}\text{-}\text{magnitude}\text{of}\text{the}\text{charge}\text{of}\text{the}\text{anion}\text{.}\end{array}$