Solid Waste Engineering: A Global Perspective, Si Edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781305638600
Author: William A. Worrell, P. Aarne Vesilind, Christian Ludwig
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 8.9P
To determine
The spacing between pipes.
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A4.3- Design a square short column for P₁ = 1800 kN, Mfx = 250 kN.m, Mfy:
f
your final design p has to be between 0.01 and 0.02.
= 50 kN.m. In
Given: f'c = 25 MPa
fy = 400 MPa
Longitudinal bars: Use 25M
Ties: 10M@ 300
Clear cover to the ties: 40mm
A4.1- For a concentrically loaded tied short column, with the cross-section shown in Figure 1,
a) Find the axial load resistance of the column;
b) Check if the spacing between the longitudinal bars is satisfying code requirements;
c) Determine the required spacing between the ties, and sketch the tie arrangement
as per the code.
Given: f'c = 25 MPa
fy = 400 MPa
T
550 mm
550 mm
Maximum aggregate size: 20mm
Longitudinal bars: 8-25M
Figure 1
Ties: 10M (ties are not shown on cross-section. The arrangement to be determined in part c)
Clear cover to the ties: 40mm
When using a work breakdown structure (WBS) for a project why it is necessary to break down activities?
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Solid Waste Engineering: A Global Perspective, Si Edition
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- As shown in the figure below, a 1.5 m × 1.5 m footing is carrying a 400 kN load. P Depth (m) 0.0 1.0 2.0 Df Groundwater table (Yw = 9.81 kN/m³) 3.5 Yt = 16.5 kN/m³ E = 9,000 kPa Sandy soil Ysat 17.5 kN/m³ E = 15,000 kPa 6.0 Stiff Clay (OCR = 2) Bedrock Ysat 18.0 kN/m³ eo = 0.8 Cc = 0.15, Cr = 0.02 Eu =40,000 kPa (a) Estimate the immediate settlement beneath the center of the footing. Assuming that Poisson's ratios of sand and soft clay are 0.3 and 0.5, respectively. Use numerical integration approach. For the calculations, use layers (below the bottom of the footing) of thicknesses: 1 m; 1.5 m, and 2.5 m. (b) Determine the primary consolidation settlement beneath the center of the footing. (c) Redo Part (b) if OCR=1.1. Note: Use the 2:1 method to determine the stress increase below the footing. For parts (b) and (c), use the one-dimensional consolidation theory.arrow_forwardConsider the cross-sections illustrated in the next slides. Implement a cross-sectional analysis based on a layered discretisation of the cross- section as required at the following. 1) Develop the implementation of an analysis to estimate the nonlinear response of the composite steel-concrete section, of the reinforced concrete section and of the steel section shown in following slides (using material nonlinear models provided in the support files). Provide the details of the numerical implementation with clear explanations of all steps. Hint: the implementation can be done in Excel. 2) Discuss how the 3 cross-sections (shown in the next slides) compare to each other in terms of embodied carbon under the condition that the cross-sections possess the same nominal moment capacity (i.e. the peak moment achieved in the moment-curvature diagram). The discussion should include at least 2 sets of the sections (each set contains one composite section, one reinforced concrete section and one…arrow_forwardConsider the following static route choice problem where 110 vehicles travel from point A to point B. The corresponding travel time (in minutes) of each link is as follows: t₁ = x1; t₂ = x2 + 20; t3x3 + 10; t₁ = 3×4 where Xi denotes the number of vehicles that choose link i. Find the number of vehicles that travel on each link when a. The user equilibrium condition (UE) is satisfied, where vehicles select the route with the minimum travel time; and b. The system optimum condition (SO) is satisfied, where the total travel time is minimised. C. Report the total delay savings when satisfying SO instead of UE. 2 B A 3 4arrow_forward
- = α₂+ Assume an origin is connected to a destination with two routes. Assume the travel time of each route has a linear relationship with the traffic flow on the route (t₁ = α₁ + b₁x₁ ; t₂ b2x2). Determine under what condition (e.g. a relationship among the parameters of the performance functions) tolling cannot reduce the total travel time of the two routes.arrow_forwardBeban berjalan pada konstruksi balok seperti pada gambar, tentukan besar gaya dalam yang terjadi dengan metode Garis Pengaruh. Gaya dalam berupa : Reaksi tumpuan RA dan RB, Gaya lintang max di titik C, Momen Maksimum di titik C A + Dimana: B D 10 5 m 5 m P1 = 12t P2 = 6t P3 = 18t q= 6 t/m 2 3 q = 6 t/m P1 P2 P3arrow_forwardConsider the following static route choice problem where 110 vehicles travel from point A to point B. The corresponding travel time (in minutes) of each link is as follows: t₁ = x1 ; t₂ = = x2 + 20; t3 = x3 + 10; t₁ = 3x4 where Xi denotes the number of vehicles that choose link i. Find the number of vehicles that travel on each link when a. The user equilibrium condition (UE) is satisfied, where vehicles select the route with the minimum travel time; and b. The system optimum condition (SO) is satisfied, where the total travel time is minimised. C. Report the total delay savings when satisfying SO instead of UE. 2 A B 3 4arrow_forward
- = Assume an origin is connected to a destination with two routes. Assume the travel time of each route has a linear relationship with the traffic flow on the route (t₁ = α₁ + b₁×₁ ; t₂ b2x2). Determine under what condition (e.g. a relationship among the parameters of the performance functions) tolling cannot reduce the total travel time of the two routes. a2+arrow_forwardFor the soil system presented below, calculate and draw diagrams of distributions of the totaland effective stresses and pore water pressure. Assume an upward water flow with a velocity of0.000,001 cm/s.arrow_forwardRefer to attached problem.arrow_forward
- Calculate: a) effective stresses at points A and B before the placement of foundations 1 and 2, b)the increase of pressure at point A as a result of the placement of the circular foundation 1, c) theincrease of pressure at point B as a result of the placement of the strip foundation 2.arrow_forwardConsider the total head-loss in the system forthis flow is 18.56 ft (head-losses in first and second pipe are 13.83 ft and 4.73 ftrespectively). Please show numerical values for EGL/HGL at the beginning/end/intermediatechange point. (Point distribution: elevation determination 5 points, EGL, HGL lines 4points)arrow_forwardAs shown in the figure below, a 1.5 m × 1.5 m footing is carrying a 400 kN load. P Depth (m) 0.0 1.0 2.0 Df Groundwater table (Yw = 9.81 kN/m³) 3.5 Yt = 16.5 kN/m³ E = 9,000 kPa Sandy soil Ysat 17.5 kN/m³ E = 15,000 kPa 6.0 Stiff Clay (OCR = 2) Bedrock Ysat 18.0 kN/m³ eo = 0.8 Cc = 0.15, Cr = 0.02 Eu =40,000 kPa (a) Estimate the immediate settlement beneath the center of the footing. Assuming that Poisson's ratios of sand and soft clay are 0.3 and 0.5, respectively. Use numerical integration approach. For the calculations, use layers (below the bottom of the footing) of thicknesses: 1 m; 1.5 m, and 2.5 m. (b) Determine the primary consolidation settlement beneath the center of the footing. (c) Redo Part (b) if OCR=1.1. Note: Use the 2:1 method to determine the stress increase below the footing. For parts (b) and (c), use the one-dimensional consolidation theory.arrow_forward
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